A Study of the Mean Platelet Volume and Plasma Fibrinogen in Type Two Diabetes Mellitus Patients Versus Healthy Controls and Their Role as Early Markers of Diabetic Microvascular Complications.

Autor:	Nimmala SG; Department of General Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, IND., Gokhale VS; Department of General Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, IND., Yadav P; Department of General Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, IND., Mangudkar S; Department of General Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, IND., Malik S; Department of General Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, IND.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Cureus [Cureus] 2024 Jul 26; Vol. 16 (7), pp. e65458. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 26 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.7759/cureus.65458
Abstrakt:	Background Mean platelet volume (MPV) is considered an emerging biological marker of platelet function and activity. Higher MPV has been scientifically linked to diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, stroke, and coronary artery disease. Plasma fibrinogen is a circulating glycoprotein, serving as an acute inflammatory marker ultimately leading to enhanced atherogenic plaque formation. We conducted this study to evaluate the crucial role of MPV and plasma fibrinogen, which showed elevated levels in diabetes mellitus patients compared to non-diabetic healthy individuals. This study also elaborates on the pivotal role that MPV and plasma fibrinogen levels play in the pathogenesis of microvascular complications, which progress and eventually lead to mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methodology This study is a single-center hospital-based study including 120 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and 120 healthy non-diabetic individuals. It is a cross-sectional and observational study. The study was conducted over a period of one and a half years in a medical college and hospital in a semi-urban locality in Western Maharashtra, India. We obtained informed written consent from the patients. All patients underwent thorough clinical assessment, and data were collected using proformas, which were later tabulated and entered in Microsoft Excel sheets. Later, the statistical data analysis was performed. Plasma fibrinogen was performed by photo-optical clot detection. MPV was analyzed by coulter principle in the central laboratory department of the parent institute. Patients above 18 years with cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus with or without any related complications, while the controls are healthy non-diabetic individuals attending the outpatient and inpatient departments of General Medicine. We excluded patients under the age of 18 years, those diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus, hematological conditions associated with anemia and abnormal platelet counts, pregnant females, any acute or chronic infections, patients currently on antiplatelet medication and other drugs affecting the platelets, and all critical patients. Results The majority of patients in our study were in the age group of 41-50 years, with 49.2% having one or more microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. In our study, out of 120 cases, 3.3% and 23.3% had raised MPV and fibrinogen levels, respectively, above the normal range. When compared with males and females, there was no statistically significant difference in the mean value of MPV and fibrinogen. On the t-test (p < 0.05), there was a statistically significant difference in the mean value of MPV and fibrinogen level between diabetics with and without microvascular complications. The t-test (p < 0.05) showed that there was a statistically significant difference among cases in the mean values of MPV and plasma fibrinogen in relation to retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, which are all microvascular complications of diabetes. Conclusion The study reveals higher levels of MPV and fibrinogen in diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic healthy individuals. In addition, higher levels of MPV and fibrinogen were present in patients with microvascular complications, correlated with age and diabetes duration. Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Institutional Ethics Sub-Committee of Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pimpri, Pune issued approval IESC/PGS/2022/12. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. (Copyright © 2024, Nimmala et al.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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