Changes in Nutritional Habits and Lifestyles Associated With COVID-19 in Jazan, Saudi Arabia: A 2022 Cross-Sectional Survey.

Autor:	Muaddi MA; Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU., Alharbi AA; Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU., Mahfouz MS; Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU., Hadadi RT; Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU., Areeshi RA; Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU., Muqri HK; Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU., Zurayyir EJ; Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU., Alkuaybi FS; Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU., Alhazmi SA; Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU., Albadrani MS; Department of Family and Community Medicine and Medical Education, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Medina, SAU., Alharbi RK; Department of Family Medicine, Al-Husseini Primary Care Center, Western Sector, Jazan Health Cluster, Ministry of Health, Jazan, SAU., Alqassim AY; Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Cureus [Cureus] 2024 Jul 26; Vol. 16 (7), pp. e65425. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 26 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.7759/cureus.65425
Abstrakt:	Background: The COVID-19 pandemic impacted dietary habits and physical activity patterns, with some long-term consequences. This study evaluated the effects of the pandemic on adults' dietary habits and physical activity in Jazan and compared them to pre-pandemic. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional survey was conducted among conveniently selected 559 individuals in Jazan, Saudi Arabia, in February 2022 using a validated online questionnaire. Data was collected to assess changes in eating habits, food intake, and weight before and 21 months after lifting of COVID-19 curfew restrictions in the region. Chi-square and McNemar's tests were used for analysis. Results: The proportion of individuals consuming homemade meals decreased from 50.6% (n=283) before the pandemic to 46.5% (n=260) during the pandemic, while the proportion of participants consuming less than three meals per day increased from 42.2% (n=236) to 45.4% (n=254), and breakfast consumption decreased significantly from 58.1% (n=325) to 53.5% (n=299) (p = 0.033). There was an increase in the consumption of fast food from 10.7% (n=60) to 12.0% (n=67) and dining at restaurants from 18.4% (n=103) to 19.3% (n=108); however, these increases were not statistically significant compared to pre-pandemic rates. During the pre-COVID-19 period, 46.9% (n=262) reported engaging in physical activity one to three times a week, whereas this frequency decreased to 41.3% (n=231) during the pandemic (p = 0.017). In contrast, a significant increase was observed in the duration of computer usage as prior to the pandemic, 20.2% (n=113) reported spending more than five hours per day on the computer, while this proportion increased to 31.8% (n=178) during the pandemic (p < 0.001). Furthermore, a considerable proportion of both males and females, constituting over one-third (n=189) of the total sample, reported an increase in body weight. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the adult population in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia experienced significant lifestyle changes during the COVID-19 pandemic, including altered dietary patterns and a significant decline in physical activity. To mitigate potential adverse effects on future well-being, it is crucial to implement enduring initiatives promoting healthy lifestyles. Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Standing Committee for Scientific Research Ethics-Jazan University issued approval REF# REC-43/05/090, dated 26/12/2021. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. (Copyright © 2024, Muaddi et al.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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