A (poly)phenol-rich diet reduces serum and faecal calprotectin in older adults with increased intestinal permeability: the MaPLE randomised controlled trial.

Autor: Marino M; Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy., Del Bo' C; Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy. cristian.delbo@unimi.it., Martini D; Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy., Perna S; Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy., Porrini M; Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy., Cherubini A; Geriatria, Accettazione Geriatrica e Centro di Ricerca per l'Invecchiamento, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy.; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy., Gargari G; Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Food Microbiology and Bioprocesses, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy., Meroño T; Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, CiberFES, ISCIII, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain., Hidalgo-Liberona N; Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, CiberFES, ISCIII, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain., Andres-Lacueva C; Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, CiberFES, ISCIII, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain., Kroon PA; Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK., Guglielmetti S; Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences (BtBs), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 4, Milano, Italy., Riso P; Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy. patrizia.riso@unimi.it.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMC geriatrics [BMC Geriatr] 2024 Aug 24; Vol. 24 (1), pp. 707. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 24.
DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05272-y
Abstrakt: Background: Older subjects are at risk of elevated intestinal permeability (IP) which can lead to immune system activation and low-grade systemic inflammation. Dietary changes are a potential strategy to reduce IP. The MaPLE project evaluated the hypothesis that increasing (poly)phenol intake would beneficially impact on several important markers and pathways related to IP. The objective of the present study was to assess the effects of the MaPLE (poly)phenol-rich diet (PR-diet) on additional IP-related biomarkers and any relationships between biomarker responses.
Methods: A randomised, controlled, crossover study was performed involving 51 participants (≥ 60 y) with increased IP, as determined by serum zonulin levels. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two intervention groups: a control diet (C-diet) or a PR-diet. Each intervention lasted 8 weeks and was separated by an 8-week washout period. For the present study, serum and faecal samples were used to measure zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), occludin, adiponectin, calprotectin, faecal calprotectin, soluble cluster of differentiation 14 (sCD14), interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R), and vascular endothelial-cadherin (VEC) levels using quantitative ELISA assays. Data were analysed using ANOVA, and Spearman and network correlation analysis were performed to identify the relationship among biomarkers at baseline.
Results: Among the different markers analysed, a significant reduction was observed for faecal and serum calprotectin (p = 0.0378 and p = 0.0186, respectively) following the PR-diet, while a significant increase in ZO-1 was found (p = 0.001) after both the intervention periods (PR-diet and C-diet). In addition, a time effect was observed for VEC levels showing a reduction (p = 0.038) following the PR-diet. Based on network correlation analysis, two clusters of correlations were identified: one cluster with high levels of serum calprotectin, faecal calprotectin, sCD14, interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, C-reactive protein (CRP) and bacterial DNAemia (16 S rRNA gene copies), with potential inflammatory-induced intestinal permeability. Differently, the other cluster had high levels of serum occludin, IL-6R, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and VEC, with potential inflammatory-induced endothelial dysfunction.
Conclusions: Overall, this study provides further support to the hypothesis that a (poly)phenol-rich diet may help to ameliorate intestinal permeability-associated conditions. In this regard, calprotectin might represent a promising biomarker since it is a protein that typically increases with age and it is considered indicative of intestinal and systemic inflammation. Further research is needed to develop targeted (poly)phenol-rich diets against age-related gut dysfunction and inflammation.
Trial Registration: 28/04/2017; ISRCTN10214981; https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN10214981 .
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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