State assault weapons bans are associated with fewer fatalities: analysis of US county mass shooting incidents (2014-2022).

Autor:	DiMaggio CJ; Departments of Surgery and Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA Charles.DiMaggio@nyulangone.org., Klein M; Department of Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA., Young C; New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA., Bukur M; Department of Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA., Berry C; Department of Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA., Tandon M; Department of Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA., Frangos S; Department of Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention [Inj Prev] 2024 Aug 23. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 23.
DOI:	10.1136/ip-2024-045263
Abstrakt:	Background: The need for evidence to inform interventions to prevent mass shootings (MS) in the USA has never been greater. Methods: Data were abstracted from the Gun Violence Archive, an independent online database of US gun violence incidents. Descriptive analyses consisted of individual-level epidemiology of victims, suspected shooters and weapons involved, trends and county-level choropleths of population-level incident and fatality rates. Counties with and without state-level assault weapons bans (AWB) were compared, and we conducted a multivariable negative binomial model controlling for county-level social fragmentation, median age and number of gun-related homicides for the association of state-level AWB with aggregate county MS fatalities. Results: 73.3% (95% CI 72.1 to 74.5) of victims and 97.2% (95% CI 96.3 to 98.3) of shooters were males. When compared with incidents involving weapons labelled 'handguns', those involving a weapon labelled AR-15 or AK-47 were six times more likely to be associated with case-fatality rates greater than the median (OR=6.1, 95% CI 2.3 to 15.8, p<0.00001). MS incidents were significantly more likely to occur on weekends and during summer months. US counties in states without AWB had consistently higher MS rates throughout the study period (p<0.0001), and the slope for increase over time was significantly lower in counties with AWB (beta=-0.11, p=0.01). In a multivariable negative binomial model, counties in states with AWB were associated with a 41% lower incidence of MS fatalities (OR=0.58, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.97, p=0.02). Conclusions: Counties located in states with AWB were associated with fewer MS fatalities between 2014 and 2022. Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared. (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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