Oculomotor behaviors in youth with an eating disorder: findings from a video-based eye tracking task.

Autor: Kirkpatrick RH; Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Botterell Hall, 18 Stuart St, K7L 3N6, Kingston, ON, Canada. ryan.kirkpatrick@queensu.ca.; School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada. ryan.kirkpatrick@queensu.ca., Booij L; Eating Disorders Continuum & Research Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada., Riek HC; Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Botterell Hall, 18 Stuart St, K7L 3N6, Kingston, ON, Canada., Huang J; Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Botterell Hall, 18 Stuart St, K7L 3N6, Kingston, ON, Canada., Pitigoi IC; Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Botterell Hall, 18 Stuart St, K7L 3N6, Kingston, ON, Canada., Brien DC; Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Botterell Hall, 18 Stuart St, K7L 3N6, Kingston, ON, Canada., Coe BC; Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Botterell Hall, 18 Stuart St, K7L 3N6, Kingston, ON, Canada., Couturier J; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada., Khalid-Khan S; Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Botterell Hall, 18 Stuart St, K7L 3N6, Kingston, ON, Canada.; Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada., Munoz DP; Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Botterell Hall, 18 Stuart St, K7L 3N6, Kingston, ON, Canada.; School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of eating disorders [J Eat Disord] 2024 Aug 21; Vol. 12 (1), pp. 121. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 21.
DOI: 10.1186/s40337-024-01084-y
Abstrakt: Background: The oculomotor circuit spans many cortical and subcortical areas that have been implicated in psychiatric disease. This, combined with previous findings, suggests that eye tracking may be a useful method to investigate eating disorders. Therefore, this study aimed to assess oculomotor behaviors in youth with and without an eating disorder.
Methods: Female youth with and without an eating disorder completed a structured task involving randomly interleaved pro-saccade (toward at a stimulus) and anti-saccade (away from stimulus) trials with video-based eye tracking. Differences in saccades (rapid eye movements between two points), eye blinks and pupil were examined.
Results: Youth with an eating disorder (n = 65, M age = 17.16 ± 3.5 years) were compared to healthy controls (HC; n = 65, M age = 17.88 ± 4.3 years). The eating disorder group was composed of individuals with anorexia nervosa (n = 49), bulimia nervosa (n = 7) and other specified feeding or eating disorder (n = 9). The eating disorder group was further divided into two subgroups: individuals with a restrictive spectrum eating disorder (ED-R; n = 43) or a bulimic spectrum eating disorder (ED-BP; n = 22). In pro-saccade trials, the eating disorder group made significantly more fixation breaks than HCs (F(1,128) = 5.33, p = 0.023). The ED-BP group made the most anticipatory pro-saccades, followed by ED-R, then HCs (F(2,127) = 3.38, p = 0.037). Groups did not differ on rate of correct express or regular latency pro-saccades. In anti-saccade trials, groups only significantly differed on percentage of direction errors corrected (F(2, 127) = 4.554, p = 0.012). The eating disorder group had a significantly smaller baseline pupil size (F(2,127) = 3.60, p = 0.030) and slower pro-saccade dilation velocity (F(2,127) = 3.30, p = 0.040) compared to HCs. The ED-R group had the lowest blink probability during the intertrial interval (ITI), followed by ED-BP, with HCs having the highest ITI blink probability (F(2,125) = 3.63, p = 0.029).
Conclusions: These results suggest that youth with an eating disorder may have different oculomotor behaviors during a structured eye tracking task. The oculomotor behavioral differences observed in this study presents an important step towards identifying neurobiological and cognitive contributions towards eating disorders.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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