Attosecond delays in X-ray molecular ionization.

Autor: Driver T; Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA. tdriver@stanford.edu.; Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA. tdriver@stanford.edu., Mountney M; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, UK., Wang J; Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.; Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.; Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA., Ortmann L; Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA., Al-Haddad A; Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland., Berrah N; Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA., Bostedt C; Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland.; LUXS Laboratory for Ultrafast X-ray Sciences, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland., Champenois EG; Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA., DiMauro LF; Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA., Duris J; Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA., Garratt D; The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London, UK., Glownia JM; Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA., Guo Z; Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.; Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA., Haxton D; KLA Corporation, Milpitas, CA, USA., Isele E; Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.; Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.; Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA., Ivanov I; Center for Relativistic Laser Science, Institute for Basic Science, Gwangju, Korea., Ji J; Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Kamalov A; Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA., Li S; Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA., Lin MF; Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA., Marangos JP; The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London, UK., Obaid R; Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA., O'Neal JT; Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA., Rosenberger P; Physics Department, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.; Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Garching, Germany., Shivaram NH; Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.; Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA., Wang AL; Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA., Walter P; Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA., Wolf TJA; Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.; Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA., Wörner HJ; Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Zhang Z; Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA., Bucksbaum PH; Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.; Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA., Kling MF; Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.; Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.; Physics Department, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.; Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Garching, Germany., Landsman AS; Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA., Lucchese RR; Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.; Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA., Emmanouilidou A; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, UK., Marinelli A; Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA. marinelli@slac.stanford.edu.; Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA. marinelli@slac.stanford.edu., Cryan JP; Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA. jcryan@slac.stanford.edu.; Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA. jcryan@slac.stanford.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature [Nature] 2024 Aug; Vol. 632 (8026), pp. 762-767. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 21.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07771-9
Abstrakt: The photoelectric effect is not truly instantaneous but exhibits attosecond delays that can reveal complex molecular dynamics 1-7 . Sub-femtosecond-duration light pulses provide the requisite tools to resolve the dynamics of photoionization 8-12 . Accordingly, the past decade has produced a large volume of work on photoionization delays following single-photon absorption of an extreme ultraviolet photon. However, the measurement of time-resolved core-level photoionization remained out of reach. The required X-ray photon energies needed for core-level photoionization were not available with attosecond tabletop sources. Here we report measurements of the X-ray photoemission delay of core-level electrons, with unexpectedly large delays, ranging up to 700 as in NO near the oxygen K-shell threshold. These measurements exploit attosecond soft X-ray pulses from a free-electron laser to scan across the entire region near the K-shell threshold. Furthermore, we find that the delay spectrum is richly modulated, suggesting several contributions, including transient trapping of the photoelectron owing to shape resonances, collisions with the Auger-Meitner electron that is emitted in the rapid non-radiative relaxation of the molecule and multi-electron scattering effects. The results demonstrate how X-ray attosecond experiments, supported by comprehensive theoretical modelling, can unravel the complex correlated dynamics of core-level photoionization.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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