The Broad Spectrum of Gallbladder Paraneoplastic Syndromes.
| Autor: | Ali S; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas., Ali MJ; Department of Internal Medicine, Howard University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia., Chaudhary AJ; Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan., Rehman SU; Internal Medicine, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana, Illinois., Maqsood MA; Community Medicine, Combined Military Hospital Lahore Medical College, Faisalabad, Pakistan. |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Gastro hep advances [Gastro Hep Adv] 2023 Dec 22; Vol. 3 (5), pp. 565-572. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Dec 22 (Print Publication: 2024). |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.gastha.2023.12.005 |
| Abstrakt: | Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is a rare gastrointestinal tumor with a reported incidence of 1 in 100,000 in the United States. GBC may present with subtle signs and symptoms that can be missed on routine examination and/or confused with other conditions. Unfortunately, its subtle presentation frequently leads to late diagnosis and, thus, a poor prognosis. Several paraneoplastic syndromes have been associated with GBC. Despite their strong associations with neoplastic disease, the precise pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the development of these syndromes remain poorly understood. Given the vague nature of their initial signs and symptoms, these syndromes are frequently diagnosed as independent entities and only later associated with occult malignancies that may have already metastasized to other organs. Physicians need to be aware of the signs and symptoms of these paraneoplastic syndromes and include an underlying malignancy as part of the differential diagnosis. This review provides a detailed discussion of the paraneoplastic syndromes associated with GBC. (© 2024 The Authors.) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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