Comparative GRA6 and GRA7 for their Utility as Genetic Markers in the Genotyping of Cerebral Toxoplasmosis in Cerebrospinal Fluid.

Autor: Harminarti N; Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. noraharminarti@med.unand.ac.id.; Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia. noraharminarti@med.unand.ac.id., Sari IP; Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia., Artama WT; Research Center for Biotechnology, Graduate School, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia., Imran D; Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia., Kurniawan A; Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Acta parasitologica [Acta Parasitol] 2024 Sep; Vol. 69 (3), pp. 1555-1561. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 20.
DOI: 10.1007/s11686-024-00901-3
Abstrakt: Introduction: Cerebral toxoplasmosis is a severe symptom of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection that often affects individuals with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and can be fatal. T. gondii exhibits diverse strains with varied virulence, such as cerebral toxoplasmosis, which is connected with a specific strain. Molecular methods were used to investigate the genotype of the parasite. Some researchers have used genetic markers, such as the dense granule proteins GRA6 and GRA7, in order to identify T. gondii genotype. This study aimed to evaluate the applicability of GRA6 and GRA7 as genetic markers for determining T. gondii strain from cerebrospinal fluid of AIDS patients with toxoplasmic encephalitis.
Method: 160 serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected from 2013 to 2022. The serum samples were initially tested using ELISA anti Toxoplasma IgG, and the CSF was subsequently PCR of 5'SAG2 gene for those positive IgG. A total of 69 CSF successfully positive on PCR of 5'SAG2 were included for analysis of GRA6 and GRA7 by performing PCR, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis for determination of T. gondii type.
Result: The findings of this study indicate that the use of GRA7 is better than GRA6 when using direct clinical samples. Out of the 69 samples analyzed, total of 36 samples (52.17%) were positive for GRA7. The cases can be classified as type I: 86,1% (31/36), type III: 2,7% (1/36) and atypical: 11,1% (4/36).
Conclusion: Comparison results between GRA6 and GRA7 for genotype determination shows good results on GRA7. GRA7 can be used as a genetic marker to find out the genotype of T. gondii in direct clinical samples where GRA6 cannot be used.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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