Unraveling the role of oligodendrocytes and myelin in pain.

Autor: Kim W; Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.; Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea., Angulo MC; Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, 'Team: Interactions between Neurons and Oligodendroglia in Myelination and Myelin Repair', Paris, France.; GHU PARIS Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, Paris, France.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of neurochemistry [J Neurochem] 2025 Jan; Vol. 169 (1), pp. e16206. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 20.
DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16206
Abstrakt: Oligodendrocytes, the myelin-producing cells in the central nervous system (CNS), are crucial for rapid action potential conduction and neuronal communication. While extensively studied for their roles in neuronal support and axonal insulation, their involvement in pain modulation is an emerging research area. This review explores the interplay between oligodendrocytes, myelination, and pain, focusing on neuropathic pain following peripheral nerve injury, spinal cord injury (SCI), chemotherapy, and HIV infection. Studies indicate that a decrease in oligodendrocytes and increased cytokine production by oligodendroglia in response to injury can induce or exacerbate pain. An increase in endogenous oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) may be a compensatory response to repair damaged oligodendrocytes. Exogenous OPC transplantation shows promise in alleviating SCI-induced neuropathic pain and enhancing remyelination. Additionally, oligodendrocyte apoptosis in brain regions such as the medial prefrontal cortex is linked to opioid-induced hyperalgesia, highlighting their role in central pain mechanisms. Chemotherapeutic agents disrupt oligodendrocyte differentiation, leading to persistent pain, while HIV-associated neuropathy involves up-regulation of oligodendrocyte lineage cell markers. These findings underscore the multifaceted roles of oligodendrocytes in pain pathways, suggesting that targeting myelination processes could offer new therapeutic strategies for chronic pain management. Further research should elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms to develop effective pain treatments.
(© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Neurochemistry published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society for Neurochemistry.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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