The role of emerging elites in the formation and development of communities after the fall of the Roman Empire.

Autor:	Tian Y; Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794., Koncz I; Department of Humanities, Institute of Archaeological Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest 1088, Hungary., Defant S; Department of History and Cultural Studies, Institute of Prehistoric Archaeology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany.; Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology, Jena 07743, Germany.; Department of Philosophy and Humanities, Institute of Greek and Latin Languages and Literatures, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany., Giostra C; Department of History, Archaeology and Art History, Catholic University Milan, Milan 20103, Italy., Vyas DN; Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794., Sołtysiak A; Department of Bioarchaeology, Faculty of Archaeology, University of Warsaw, Warszawa 00-927, Poland., Pejrani Baricco L; Soprintendenza Archeologia, Belle Arti e Paesaggio per la città metropolitana di Torino, Torino TO 10122, Italy., Fetner R; Department of Bioarchaeology, Faculty of Archaeology, University of Warsaw, Warszawa 00-927, Poland., Posth C; Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics, Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72074, Germany., Brandt G; Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig 04103, Germany., Bedini E; Department of History, Archaeology and Art History, Catholic University Milan, Milan 20103, Italy., Modi A; Department of Biology, University of Florence, Firenze 12-50122, Italy., Lari M; Department of Biology, University of Florence, Firenze 12-50122, Italy., Vai S; Department of Biology, University of Florence, Firenze 12-50122, Italy., Francalacci P; Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari 09126, Italy., Fernandes R; Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology, Jena 07743, Germany.; Department of Bioarchaeology, Faculty of Archaeology, University of Warsaw, Warszawa 00-927, Poland.; Arne Faculty of Arts, Masaryk University, Brno-střed 602 00, Czech Republic.; Climate Change and History Research Initiative, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08542., Steinhof A; Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena 07745, Germany., Pohl W; Institute for Medieval Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences; Institute for Austrian Historical Research, University of Vienna, Vienna 1020, Austria., Caramelli D; Department of Biology, University of Florence, Firenze 12-50122, Italy., Krause J; Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig 04103, Germany., Izdebski A; Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology, Jena 07743, Germany.; Institute of History, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Kraków 31-007, Poland., Geary PJ; School of Historical Studies, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ 08540., Veeramah KR; Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2024 Sep 03; Vol. 121 (36), pp. e2317868121. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 19.
DOI:	10.1073/pnas.2317868121
Abstrakt:	Elites played a pivotal role in the formation of post-Roman Europe on both macro- and microlevels during the Early Medieval period. History and archaeology have long focused on their description and identification based on written sources or through their archaeological record. We provide a different perspective on this topic by integrating paleogenomic, archaeological, and isotopic data to gain insights into the role of one such elite group in a Langobard period community near Collegno, Italy dated to the 6-8th centuries CE. Our analysis of 28 newly sequenced genomes together with 24 previously published ones combined with isotope (Sr, C, N) measurements revealed that this community was established by and organized around a network of biologically and socially related individuals likely composed of multiple elite families that over time developed into a single extended pedigree. The community also included individuals with diverse genetic ancestries, maintaining its diversity by integrating newcomers and groups in later stages of its existence. This study highlights how shifts in political power and migration impacted the formation and development of a small rural community within a key region of the former Western Roman Empire after its dissolution and the emergence of a new kingdom. Furthermore, it suggests that Early Medieval elites had the capacity to incorporate individuals from varied backgrounds and that these elites were the result of (political) agency rather than belonging to biologically homogeneous groups. Competing Interests: Competing interests statement:The authors declare no competing interest.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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