Winging it: hummingbirds alter flying kinematics during molt.
| Autor: | Díaz-Salazar AF; Laboratorio de Biología Evolutiva de Vertebrados, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera 1 No. 18 A 10, Bogotá 111711, Colombia., Garzón-Agudelo F; Colibrí Gorriazul Research Center, Fusagasugá, Cundinamarca 252217, Colombia., Smiley A; Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, 3040 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Cadena CD; Laboratorio de Biología Evolutiva de Vertebrados, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera 1 No. 18 A 10, Bogotá 111711, Colombia., Rico-Guevara A; Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.; Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture , University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA. |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Biology open [Biol Open] 2024 Nov 15; Vol. 13 (11). Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 11. |
| DOI: | 10.1242/bio.060370 |
| Abstrakt: | Hummingbirds are well known for their hovering flight, one of the most energetically expensive modes of locomotion among animals. Molt is a costly event in the annual cycle, in which birds replace their feathers, including all their primary feathers, which, in hummingbirds, comprise most of the area of the wing. Despite this, the effects of molt on hovering flight are not well known. Here, we examined high-speed videos (14 individuals of three species from the Colombian Andes recorded at 1200 frames per second) comparing molting and non-molting hummingbirds' wing kinematics and wingtip trajectories. We found that molting hummingbirds rotated their wings in more acute angles during both downstroke and upstroke compared to non-molting individuals (10° versus 20°, and 15° versus 29°, respectively), while other flight parameters remained unchanged. Our findings show that hummingbirds are capable of sustaining hovering flight and thereby maintaining their weight support even under impressive wing area reductions by adjusting their stroke amplitudes. Competing Interests: Competing interests The authors declare no competing or financial interests. (© 2024. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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