Impacts of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) microplastic exposure on physiology and metabolic profiles of Litopenaeus vannamei.

Autor: Lv H; Department of Aquaculture and Aquatic Science, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Republic of Korea., Park J; Department of Aquaculture and Aquatic Science, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Republic of Korea., Lim HK; Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea., Abraham IJ; School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China., Yin X; Zhoushan Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, China., Gao Y; School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China. Electronic address: gaoyang82@zjou.edu.cn., Hur J; Department of Aquaculture and Aquatic Science, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: junwhur@kunsan.ac.kr.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The Science of the total environment [Sci Total Environ] 2024 Nov 15; Vol. 951, pp. 175588. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 16.
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175588
Abstrakt: In light of increasing concerns about microplastic pollution, it is crucial to understand the biological impacts of biodegradable PHB microplastics on marine organisms. This study included a 96-h exposure experiment to assess acute toxicity at PHB concentrations of 0 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 500 mg/L and 1000 mg/L. Additionally, a 60-day feeding trial was conducted with PHB concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg to evaluate the long-term effects on growth, physiological health and metabolic responses of Litopenaeus vannamei. Results from the exposure experiment indicated that PHB microplastics up to 100 mg/L were non-toxic to shrimp. However, the 60-day feeding trial revealed that higher concentrations led to slight reductions in survival rates and growth performance, indicating a concentration-dependent response. Analysis of antioxidant and immune enzymes showed minimal changes across most parameters. However, increases in malondialdehyde content and lysozyme activity at higher PHB levels suggested a stress response. Microbial analysis indicated higher species richness and greater community diversity in the PHB group compared to controls, as evidenced by Chao1, ACE, Shannon and Simpson indices. Linear discriminant analysis revealed that Enterobacteriales and related taxa were more prevalent in the PHB group, while Rhodobacteraceae and associated taxa dominated the control group. Pathway analysis highlighted enhanced signal transduction, cell mobility and metabolic resource reallocation in response to PHB-induced stress. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed significant regulatory changes, especially in lipid metabolism pathways. These findings suggest that while PHB microplastics trigger adaptive metabolic responses in shrimp, they do not cause acute toxicity. Significant variations in intestinal microbiome composition reflect potential shifts in gut health dynamics due to PHB ingestion. This study enhances our understanding of the ecological impacts of microplastics and underscores the necessity for further research into the environmental safety of biodegradable alternatives.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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