Improved cognition and preserved hippocampal fractional anisotropy in subjects undergoing carotid endarterectomy "CEA preserves cognition & hippocampal structure".

Autor: Bernstein A; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States. Electronic address: Adambernstein1492@gmail.com., Arias JC; Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States. Electronic address: juancamiloariasa@arizona.edu., Howell C; Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States. Electronic address: cmhowell@surgery.arizona.edu., French S; Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States. Electronic address: scottfrench@arizona.edu., Guzman G; Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States. Electronic address: guzman.gloria@wustl.edu., Bruck D; Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States. Electronic address: azbrucks@yahoo.com., Berman S; Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States; Pima Heart and Vascular Physicians, Tucson, Arizona 85704, United States. Electronic address: scott.berman@pimaheart.com., Leon L; Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States; Pima Heart and Vascular Physicians, Tucson, Arizona 85704, United States. Electronic address: luisrleon@gmail.com., Pacanowski J; Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States; Pima Heart and Vascular Physicians, Tucson, Arizona 85704, United States. Electronic address: jpp54@georgetown.edu., Tan TW; Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States. Electronic address: tze-woei.tan@med.usc.edu., Altbach M; Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States. Electronic address: maltbach@radiology.arizona.edu., Trouard T; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States; Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States. Electronic address: trouard@arizona.edu., Weinkauf C; Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States. Electronic address: cweinkauf@surgery.arizona.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association [J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis] 2024 Nov; Vol. 33 (11), pp. 107926. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 16.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.107926
Abstrakt: Objectives: A growing body of data indicates that extracranial carotid artery disease (ECAD) can contribute to cognitive impairment. However, there have been mixed reports regarding the benefit of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) as it relates to preserving cognitive function. In this work, diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) and neurocognitive testing are used to provide insight into structural and functional brain changes that occur in subjects with significant carotid artery stenosis, as well as changes that occur in response to CEA.
Materials and Methods: The study design was a prospective, non-randomized, controlled study that enrolled patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Thirteen subjects had severe ECAD (≥70% stenosis in at least one carotid artery) and were scheduled to undergo surgery. Thirteen had asymptomatic ECAD with <70% stenosis, therefore not requiring surgery. All subjects underwent neurocognitive testing using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment test (MoCA) and high angular resolution, multi-shell diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) of the brain at baseline and at four-six months follow-up. Changes in MoCA scores as well as in Fractional anisotropy (FA) along the hippocampus were compared at baseline and follow-up.
Results: At baseline, FA was significantly lower along the ipsilateral hippocampus in subjects with severe ECAD compared to subjects without severe ECAD. MoCA scores were lower in these individuals, but this did not reach statistical significance. At follow-up, MoCA scores increased significantly in subjects who underwent CEA and remained statistically equal in control subjects that did not have CEA. FA remained unchanged in the CEA group and decreased in the control group.
Conclusions: This study suggests that CEA improves cognition and preserves hippocampal white matter structure compared to control subjects not undergoing CEA.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None of the authors declares that they have conflicts of interest.
(Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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