The application status of sequencing technology in global respiratory infectious disease diagnosis.

Autor: Chen J; Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China., Qin Z; School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China., Jia Z; Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. urchinjj@163.com.; Center for Intelligent Public Health, Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Peking University, Beijing, China. urchinjj@163.com.; Center for Drug Abuse Control and Prevention, National Institute of Health Data Science, Peking University, Beijing, China. urchinjj@163.com.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Infection [Infection] 2024 Dec; Vol. 52 (6), pp. 2169-2181. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 16.
DOI: 10.1007/s15010-024-02360-4
Abstrakt: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has revolutionized clinical microbiology, particularly in diagnosing respiratory infectious diseases and conducting epidemiological investigations. This narrative review summarizes conventional methods for routine respiratory infection diagnosis, including culture, smear microscopy, immunological assays, image techniques as well as polymerase chain reaction(PCR). In contrast to conventional methods, there is a new detection technology, sequencing technology, and here we mainly focus on the next-generation sequencing NGS, especially metagenomic NGS(mNGS). NGS offers significant advantages over traditional methods. Firstly, mNGS eliminates assumptions about pathogens, leading to faster and more accurate results, thus reducing diagnostic time. Secondly, it allows unbiased identification of known and novel pathogens, offering broad-spectrum coverage. Thirdly, mNGS not only identifies pathogens but also characterizes microbiomes, analyzes human host responses, and detects resistance genes and virulence factors. It can complement targeted sequencing for bacterial and fungal classification. Unlike traditional methods affected by antibiotics, mNGS is less influenced due to the extended survival of pathogen DNA in plasma, broadening its applicability. However, barriers to full integration into clinical practice persist, primarily due to cost constraints and limitations in sensitivity and turnaround time. Despite these challenges, ongoing advancements aim to improve cost-effectiveness and efficiency, making NGS a cornerstone technology for global respiratory infection diagnosis.
Competing Interests: Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethics & Inclusion: No.
(© 2024. Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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