Real-time in vivo confocal laser endomicroscopic imaging of equine endometrium: Preliminary observations and feasibility study.

Autor: Gallacher K; School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, 1454 Mudla Wirra Road, 5371, Australia; School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Glasgow, 464 Bearsden Rd, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom. Electronic address: kirsty.gallacher@adelaide.edu.au., Woolford L; School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, 1454 Mudla Wirra Road, 5371, Australia., Santos LC; School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Glasgow, 464 Bearsden Rd, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom., Serpa PBS; Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, 205 Duck Pond Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA., Len J; School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, 1909 Skip Bertman Dr., Baton Rouge, LA, USA., Gilbert RO; Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 334, Basseterre, St. Kitts, West Indies., Kind KL; School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, 1454 Mudla Wirra Road, 5371, Australia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997) [Vet J] 2024 Aug 14; Vol. 308, pp. 106222. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 14.
DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106222
Abstrakt: Endometrial health is vital for the reproductive efficiency of broodmares and accurate diagnostic testing is crucial for directing the best treatment options and outcomes. Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is an endoscopic technique for obtaining in-vivo, real-time microscopic imaging of tissues using a fiber optic probe. CLE relies on induced tissue fluorescence and fluorescein sodium, given intravenously, is the contrast agent most used in human medicine. This study aimed to determine the feasibility of CLE for imaging equine endometrium and determine a standard dose of fluorescein sodium to achieve optimal cellular imaging. In-vivo CLE was performed on 44 mares, and the images were compared with routine histopathological analysis of endometrial biopsies. No adverse reactions occurred after IV fluorescein sodium administration and a dose of 4 mg/kg was established (0.04 mL/kg of 10 % fluorescein sodium solution) to achieve optimal image contrast. CLE enabled multiple regions of the endometrium to be assessed quickly. Distinct tissue architecture patterns could be appreciated using CLE, and the luminal epithelium could be assessed for integrity (ulceration) and exocytosed inflammatory cells. Endometrial gland distribution, density, shape, and epithelial height were evaluated. Blood vessels were clearly outlined, and inflammatory cells and fibrosis were discernable within the interstitium. Image quality varied between mares, and the stage of oestrous cycle may have been a factor of influence. This novel imaging modality enables collection of "virtual" biopsies and facilitates critical assessment of multiple regions of the uterus compared with the standard histopathologic assessment of a single random tissue biopsy.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest Optiscan supplied the CLE device used in this study but played no role in the study design nor in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, nor in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. None of the authors has any other financial or personal relationships that could inappropriately influence or bias the content of the paper.
(Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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