General practitioners' perspectives on lifestyle interventions for cognitive preservation in dementia prevention.

Autor: Kappe J; Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), University of Leipzig, Phillip-Rosenthal-Str. 55, Leipzig, 04103, Germany. Josefine.Kappe@medizin.uni-leipzig.de., Wittmann F; Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), University of Leipzig, Phillip-Rosenthal-Str. 55, Leipzig, 04103, Germany., Luppa M; Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), University of Leipzig, Phillip-Rosenthal-Str. 55, Leipzig, 04103, Germany., Cardona MI; Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald (UMG), Greifswald, Germany., Weise S; Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Saale, Germany., Fuchs S; Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Saale, Germany., Kosilek RP; Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital of LMU Munich, Munich, Germany., Sanftenberg L; Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital of LMU Munich, Munich, Germany., Brettschneider C; Department of Health Economics and Health Service Research, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany., Döhring J; Institute of General Practice, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany., Escales C; Institute of General Practice, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany., Czock D; Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany., Wiese B; Institute for General Practice, Work Group Medical Statistics and IT-Infrastructure, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany., Thyrian JR; Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald (UMG), Greifswald, Germany.; German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), site Rostock/ Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.; Faculty V: School of Life Sciences, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany., Hoffmann W; Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald (UMG), Greifswald, Germany.; German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), site Rostock/ Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany., Frese T; Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Saale, Germany., Gensichen J; Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital of LMU Munich, Munich, Germany., König HH; Department of Health Economics and Health Service Research, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany., Kaduszkiewicz H; Institute of General Practice, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany., Riedel-Heller SG; Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), University of Leipzig, Phillip-Rosenthal-Str. 55, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMC primary care [BMC Prim Care] 2024 Aug 14; Vol. 25 (1), pp. 301. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 14.
DOI: 10.1186/s12875-024-02566-3
Abstrakt: Background: General practitioners (GPs) play a crucial role in identifying cognitive impairment and dementia and providing post-diagnostic care. This study investigates (1) how promising GP consider lifestyle changes to maintain cognitive performance in general, (2) GP beliefs about the power of modifiable health and lifestyle factors to maintain cognitive performance, and (3) whether those beliefs vary by GP age.
Methods: As part of the AgeWell.de trial, GPs (n = 72) completed a process evaluation questionnaire assessing their perspectives on lifestyle changes to preserve cognitive performance in elderly patients. In greater detail, their perceived efficacy of established risk and protective factors was investigated using a 5-point Likert scale. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed for research question (1) and (2). Spearman´s rank correlations and ordinal logistic regressions were used to answer research question (3). All results were interpreted exploratively.
Results: GPs rated the overall chance of lifestyle changes maintaining cognitive performance quite neutral with a median score of 3.0 (IQR = 2.0). They rated the efficacy of all the modifiable health and lifestyle factors high, with increase in physical and social activity ((Mdn = 5.0, IQR = 1.0) receiving the highest ratings with the narrowest range. Spearman's rank correlation indicated a significant positive relationship between age and the belief in "Optimization of nutrition" for preventing cognitive decline and dementia (ρ = .255, p = .041). However, ordinal logistic regressions showed no significant relationships between age and GP ratings of lifestyle change efficacy.
Conclusion: These findings highlight the positive perception of GPs on the efficacy of modifiable health and lifestyle factors for preventing cognitive decline and dementia.
Trial Registration: The AgeWell.de trial is registered in the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS; trial identifier: DRKS00013555, Registration Date 07 December 2017).
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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