Guanosine hydrogels in focus: A comprehensive analysis through mid-infrared spectroscopy.

Autor: Notarstefano V; Università Politecnica delle Marche, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, 60131, Italy. Electronic address: v.notarstefano@univpm.it., Pepe A; Università Politecnica delle Marche, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, 60131, Italy., Ripanti F; Università Politecnica delle Marche, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, 60131, Italy., Piccirilli F; Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, S.S. 14 - km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149, Italy., Vaccari L; Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, S.S. 14 - km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149, Italy., Mariani P; Università Politecnica delle Marche, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, 60131, Italy.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy [Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc] 2025 Jan 05; Vol. 324, pp. 124939. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 08.
DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124939
Abstrakt: Guanosine nucleosides and nucleotides have the peculiar ability to self-assemble in water to form supramolecular complex architectures from G-quartets to G-quadruplexes. G-quadruplexes exhibit in turn a large liquid crystalline lyotropic polymorphism, but they eventually cross-link or entangle to form a densely connected 3D network (a molecular hydrogel), able to entrap very large amount of water (up to the 99% v/v). This high water content of the hydrogels enables tunable softness, deformability, self-healing, and quasi-liquid properties, making them ideal candidates for different biotechnological and biomedical applications. In order to fully exploit their possible applications, Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform InfraRed (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy was used to unravel the vibrational characteristics of supramolecular guanosine structures. First, the characteristic vibrations of the known quadruplex structure of guanosine 5 ' -monophosphate, potassium salt (GMP/K), were investigated: the identified peaks reflected both the chemical composition of the sample and the formation of quartets, octamers, and quadruplexes. Second, the role of K + and Na + cations in promoting the quadruplex formation was assessed: infrared spectra confirmed that both cations induce the formation of G-quadruplexes and that GMP/K is more stable in the G-quadruplex organization. Finally, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy was used to investigate binary mixtures of guanosine (Gua) and GMP/K or GMP/Na, both systems forming G-hydrogels. The same G-quadruplex-based structure was found in both mixtures, but the proportion of Gua and GMP affected some features, like sugar puckering, guanine vibrations, and base stacking, reflecting the known side-to-side aggregation and bundle formation occurring in these binary systems.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Valentina Notarstefano reports financial support was provided by European Union. Paolo Mariani reports financial support was provided by European Union. The other authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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