| Autor: |
Gershner GH; Division of Pediatric Surgery, Oklahoma Children's Hospital, 1200 Everett Drive, ET NP 2320, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.; Department of Surgery, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 800 Research Parkway, Suite 449, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA., Hunter CJ; Division of Pediatric Surgery, Oklahoma Children's Hospital, 1200 Everett Drive, ET NP 2320, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.; Department of Surgery, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 800 Research Parkway, Suite 449, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA. |
| Abstrakt: |
Reduction-oxidation (redox) chemistry plays a vital role in human homeostasis. These reactions play critical roles in energy generation, as part of innate immunity, and in the generation of secondary messengers with various functions such as cell cycle progression or the release of neurotransmitters. Despite this cornerstone role, if left unchecked, the body can overproduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) or reactive nitrogen species (RNS). When these overwhelm endogenous antioxidant systems, oxidative stress (OS) occurs. In neonates, OS has been associated with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), leukomalacia, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Given its broad spectrum of effects, research has started to examine whether OS plays a role in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). In this paper, we will discuss the basics of redox chemistry and how the human body keeps these in check. We will then discuss what happens when these go awry, focusing mostly on NEC in neonates. |
