Plant-based and planetary-health diets, environmental burden, and risk of mortality: a prospective cohort study of middle-aged and older adults in China.
Autor: | Chen H; School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China., Wang X; China Academy for Rural Development, Department of Agricultural Economics and Management, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, Potsdam, Germany., Ji JS; Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China., Huang L; School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China., Qi Y; School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China., Wu Y; Institute for Hospital Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA., He P; School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK., Li Y; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA., Bodirsky BL; Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, Potsdam, Germany., Müller C; China Academy for Rural Development, Department of Agricultural Economics and Management, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, Potsdam, Germany., Willett WC; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA., Yuan C; School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: chy478@zju.edu.cn. |
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Jazyk: | angličtina |
Zdroj: | The Lancet. Planetary health [Lancet Planet Health] 2024 Aug; Vol. 8 (8), pp. e545-e553. |
DOI: | 10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00143-8 |
Abstrakt: | Background: Plant-based diets (PBDs) and planetary-health diets (PHDs) are recommended for their potential health and environmental benefits, but population-based evidence in diverse cultures is scarce. Methods: We included 9364 adults aged 45 years and older (52·3% female, 47·7% male) from the open cohort of the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Dietary intake was assessed using 3-day 24 h dietary recalls combined with weighing methods from 1997 to 2011, and mortality was documented from 1997 to 2015. We calculated the overall PBD index (PDI), healthful PBD index (hPDI), and unhealthful PBD index (uPDI; ranges 18-90), and the PHD score (range 0-140). We also estimated the related greenhouse gas emissions, land appropriation, and total water footprint and examined their associations with mortality. Findings: PBD indices were inversely related to greenhouse gas emissions, land appropriation, and total water footprint, whereas higher PHD score was related to higher environmental burdens (p<0·0001). During follow-up (mean 9·2 years), 792 (8·5%) death cases were documented. PDI (HR 1·08 [95% CI 0·88-1·32]) and hPDI (0·98 [0·80-1·21]) were not significantly associated with mortality, whereas higher uPDI was related to a higher mortality risk (1·55 [1·26-1·91]). In contrast, higher PHD score was associated with lower mortality risk (0·79 [0·63-0·99]). Interpretation: The PBDs showed environmental benefits, but are not necessarily associated with lower mortality risk. The PHD, developed mainly in western populations, was related to lower mortality risk but higher environmental burdens in the Chinese population. Funding: Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Zhejiang University Global Partnership Fund, and National Natural Science Foundation of China. Competing Interests: Declaration of interests We declare no competing interests. (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.) |
Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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