Disseminated Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in an Immunocompetent Individual Without Pulmonary Involvement: A Case Report.

Autor:	AlHajji MA; General Surgery, Al Ahsa Health Cluster, Al Ahsa, SAU., Auda A; General and Laparoscopic Surgery, Al Ahsa Health Cluster, Al Ahsa, SAU., Almukhizem AK; Radiology, Al Ahsa Health Cluster, Al Ahsa, SAU., Al Ibraheem GA; Medicine, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, SAU., Alqassab HA; Wound Care, Al Ahsa Health Cluster, Al Ahsa, SAU., Alkhouder GR; Wound Care, Al Ahsa Health Cluster, Al Ahsa, SAU.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Cureus [Cureus] 2024 Jul 09; Vol. 16 (7), pp. e64138. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 09 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.7759/cureus.64138
Abstrakt:	Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health burden, particularly in developing countries like India. While the most common presentation is pulmonary TB, extrapulmonary TB involving other body systems can also occur, posing diagnostic challenges. We present the case of a 24-year-old immunocompetent man from India who exhibited an uncommon and complex presentation of disseminated extrapulmonary TB. The patient had an asymptomatic brain cavitated lesion, likely tuberculoma, cervical lymphadenopathy, a small subcutaneous collection in the neck, a destructive lytic lesion in the sacrum, and a subcutaneous collection in the left gluteal/paraspinal region, all in the absence of pulmonary involvement. This combination of manifestations has not been previously reported. The presence of cervical lymphadenopathy and a slowly growing subcutaneous abscess were important clues that guided the diagnostic workup. Maintaining a high index of suspicion for TB, even in atypical presentations and immunocompetent individuals, is crucial, particularly in high-TB-burden regions. This case highlights the importance of considering disseminated extrapulmonary TB in the differential diagnosis, even in the absence of pulmonary involvement and typical risk factors. A high index of suspicion, a multidisciplinary approach, and a comprehensive diagnostic workup are essential for the timely recognition and management of these challenging conditions. Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. (Copyright © 2024, AlHajji et al.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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