Effectiveness of Educational Videos Comparing Single Versus Multiple Topics: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.

Autor:	Mohd Jaini SNB; Oral Health Programme, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya, MYS.; Dental Public Health, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, MYS., Sinor MZ; Dental Public Health, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, MYS., Ahmad B; Dental Public Health, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, MYS., Hasan R; Nutrition, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, MYS., Sanusi SY; Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, MYS.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Cureus [Cureus] 2024 Jul 07; Vol. 16 (7), pp. e64028. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 07 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.7759/cureus.64028
Abstrakt:	Background Dental caries and gingivitis are preventable diseases that remain highly prevalent among children globally and, while transmissible through the transfer of oral bacteria typically from mother to child, differ from communicable diseases that are spread through direct contact, air, or vectors. Unlike communicable diseases, dental caries and gingivitis can be effectively prevented through proper oral hygiene practices and dietary modifications. Oral health education (OHE) intends to improve oral hygiene practices and reduce oral health problems. However, evidence of the impact of multiple topics in OHE on preschool children is lacking. This study aimed to examine the effects of single- versus multiple-topic OHE delivered via video presentations on the plaque and gingival status of preschool children. Methods A parallel five-arm cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted on healthy preschool children aged five and six years. Children with chronic illnesses, disabilities, or conditions that could affect their oral health or ability to participate in the OHE intervention were excluded. OHE interventions were given to children from eight of the 10 classes assigned as intervention groups, while two classes served as the control group and received no intervention. The intervention groups received one, two, or three oral health topics using specially developed animation videos, in Malay language: toothbrushing technique (T), toothbrushing technique and the effects of sugar consumption on oral health (TS), toothbrushing technique and pathogenesis of dental caries and gingivitis (TP), and toothbrushing technique, the effects of sugar consumption on oral health, and pathogenesis of dental caries and gingivitis (TSP). Plaque and gingival scores, along with oral health knowledge, attitude, and skills (KAS), were recorded before and after the intervention. The CONSORT guidelines were followed in reporting. The analyses included descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, effect sizes, and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) at a 5% significance level. Results A total of 160 participants were equally distributed into five groups (n = 32). There were no baseline differences in plaque or gingival scores. All groups showed significantly lower plaque and gingival scores post-intervention (p < 0.05), with effect sizes ranging from -1.1 to -0.7. No changes in oral health (KAS) were observed. The intervention groups had significantly lower plaque and gingival scores compared to the control group (p < 0.05), but no differences were found between them after adjusting for baseline KAS (p > 0.05). Conclusions This study suggests that including multiple topics in OHE programs for preschool children may not necessarily improve oral health outcomes. Simplified OHE may be more advantageous in terms of time, cost, human resources, and organization. Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. USM Human Research Ethics Committee issued approval USM/JEPeM/KK/23060506. Dear Dr., We wish to inform you that your study protocol has been reviewed and is hereby granted approval for implementation by the Jawatankuasa Etika Penyelidikan Manusia, Universiti Sains Malaysia (JEPeM-USM). Your study has been assigned study protocol code USM/JEPeM/KK/23060506, which should be used for all communications to JEPeM-USM in relation to this study. This ethical approval is valid from 26th October 2023 until 25th October 2024. Study Site: Kelantan, Malaysia. The following researchers are also involved in this study: 1. Dr. Mohd Zulkarnain Sinor 2. Dr. Basaruddin Ahmad 3. Dr. Sarliza Yasmin Sanusi 4. Dr. Ruhaya Hasan The following documents have been approved for use in the study. 1. Research Proposal. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. (Copyright © 2024, Mohd Jaini et al.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:	Zobrazit plný text záznamu