Effect of an intensive nutrition intervention of a high protein and low glycemic load diet on weight of kidney transplant recipients: a randomized clinical trial.

Autor: Pedrollo EF; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Endocrinologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. elispedrollo@gmail.com., Corrêa C; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Endocrinologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil., Nicoletto BB; Área de Conhecimento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil., de Melo Cardoso de Freitas J; Departamento de Nutrição, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil., Buboltz JR; Departamento de Nutrição, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil., da Costa BDF; Departamento de Nutrição, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil., Dos Santos Guedes G; Departamento de Nutrição, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil., Bauer AC; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Endocrinologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.; Departamento de Medicina Interna, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil., Manfro RC; Departamento de Medicina Interna, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina: Ciências médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil., Souza GC; Departamento de Nutrição, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina: Ciências médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil., Leitão CB; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Endocrinologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.; Departamento de Medicina Interna, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Endocrine [Endocrine] 2024 Aug 05. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 05.
DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03978-y
Abstrakt: Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of a high protein and low glycemic load diet in preventing weight gain after kidney transplantation.
Methods: We designed a prospective, single-center, open-label, randomized controlled study to compare the efficacy of a high protein (1.3-1.4 g/kg/day) and low glycemic load diet versus a conventional diet (0.8-1.0 g/kg/day of protein and no recommendations on glycemic load) in preventing weight gain (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02883777). A total of 120 patients were evaluated. Patients were followed for 12 months, and the primary outcome was weight maintenance or weight gain lower than 5%.
Results: There were no differences in total energy intake, carbohydrates, and total fats between groups. Intervention group (IG) increased protein intake to 1.38 ± 0.56 g/kg/day and decreased the glycemic load to 87.27 ± 4.54 g/day, while control group (CG) had a dietary protein intake of 1.19 ± 0.43 g/kg/day and a glycemic load of 115.60 ± 7.01 g/day. Total fiber intake was greater and trans-fat was lower in IG. Dietetic cholesterol increased in IG over time and was significantly different between groups. Overall, patients had an increase in body weight over time, with a mean increment of 4.1 ± 5.5 kg (5.75%). The percentage of patients who achieved the primary outcome was 50% of sample size, without differences between groups. The glomerular filtration rate improved over time in both groups. Considering 24-h proteinuria and albuminuria, a similar rise was observed in both groups.
Conclusion: The present dietary intervention was safe, but had no effect on weight gain in kidney transplant subjects. Our findings suggest that other strategies, including alternative dietary and/or pharmacological and psychological interventions might be tested in randomized control trials in order to improve patients' body weight outcomes after transplant.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: