Maternal psychophysiology profiles: associations with prenatal opioid use, maternal emotion dysregulation, and newborn neurobehavior.

Autor: Maylott SE; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA. sarah.maylott@duke.edu., Reese SE; University of Montana, School of Social Work, Missoula, MT, USA., Zhou AM; Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA., Kaliush PR; Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA., Terrell S; Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA., Saenz C; Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA., Brown L; Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA., Crowell SE; Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA., Lester B; Departments of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI, USA., Smid MC; Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA., Shakib JH; Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA., Garland EL; University of Utah, College of Social Work, Salt Lake City, UT, USA., Conradt E; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Pediatric research [Pediatr Res] 2024 Aug 03. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 03.
DOI: 10.1038/s41390-024-03399-7
Abstrakt: Background: Opioid use among pregnant women has more than quadrupled over the past 20 years; however, comorbid risk factors such as emotion dysregulation confound the developmental consequences of prenatal opioid use. Maternal respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) may help to disentangle the comorbid risk factors of prenatal emotion dysregulation and substance use and isolate their consequences on newborn neurobehavior.
Methods: We examined maternal RSA in response to a mild, infant-related stress task in pregnant people (N = 192; 30 on medications for opioid use disorder) recruited from hospitals and a specialty prenatal clinic for substance use disorder.
Results: Three latent profiles emerged based on maternal RSA reactivity. Mothers with RSA increasing (Profile 3; more nervous system dysregulation) had higher levels of emotion dysregulation than mothers with RSA decreasing (Profile 1; well-regulated nervous system responses) but were not more likely to use opioids. Additionally, RSA profiles were associated with newborn neurobehavior, including attention, regulation, handling, and arousal.
Conclusions: Given the variability in opioid use across RSA profiles and profile associations with newborn neurodevelopment, future studies should examine protective factors in pregnant individuals using opioids who show more flexible RSA responses.
Impact: Our study examined maternal psychophysiology and newborn outcomes in a unique population with high levels of emotion dysregulation and opioid use. Three profiles of maternal respiratory sinus arrythmia (RSA) reactivity were identified during pregnancy: decreasing, blunted, and increasing. The RSA increasing and blunted profiles were associated with higher emotion dysregulation than the decreasing profile. Most pregnant people on medications for opioid use disorder (65%) were grouped into the blunted profile, suggesting they might be more at risk for dysregulated RSA reactivity. Differences in RSA profiles were associated with newborn outcomes, with increasing and blunted RSA predicting more newborn neurobehavioral dysregulation.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to the International Pediatric Research Foundation, Inc.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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