Orexin increases the neuronal excitability of several brain areas associated with maintaining of arousal.

Autor: Chen XY; Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China., Yang W; Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China., Xue Y; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China., Xie AM; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China., Sun XR; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China., Chen L; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of neurochemistry [J Neurochem] 2024 Sep; Vol. 168 (9), pp. 2379-2390. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 02.
DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16195
Abstrakt: Orexin is exclusively produced in neurons localized within the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) and perifornical area (PFA). Orexin has been identified as a key promotor of arousal. The selective loss of orexinergic neurons results in narcolepsy. It is known that the intrinsic electrophysiological properties are critical for neurons to perform their functions in corresponding brain regions. In addition to hypothalamic orexin, other brain nuclei are involved in the regulation of sleep and wakefulness. Quite a lot of studies focus on elucidating orexin-induced regulation of sleep-wake states and modulation of neuronal electrophysiological properties in several brain regions. Here, we summarize that the orexinergic neurons exhibit spontaneous firing activity which is associated with the states of sleep-wake cycle. Orexin mainly exerts postsynaptic excitatory effects on multiple brain nuclei associated with the process of sleep and wakefulness. This review may provide a background to guide future research about the cellular mechanisms of orexin-induced maintaining of arousal.
(© 2024 International Society for Neurochemistry.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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