Emerging cancer disease burden in a rural sub-Saharan African population: northeast Nigeria in focus.

Autor:	Ezenkwa US; Department of Histopathology, Federal University of Health Sciences Azare, Azare, Bauchi, Nigeria., Lawan AI; Department of Histopathology, College of Medical Sciences, Gombe State University, Gombe, Gombe, Nigeria., Garbati MA; Directorate of Research, Innovation and Development, Federal University of Health Sciences Azare, Azare, Bauchi, Nigeria., Suleiman DE; Department of Histopathology, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi, Nigeria., Katagum DA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal University of Health Sciences Azare, Azare, Bauchi, Nigeria., Kabir A; Department of Histopathology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno, Nigeria., Adamu AI; Department of Histopathology, Yobe State University, Damaturu, Yobe, Nigeria., Modu AK; Department of Pathology, Federal Medical Centre Nguru, Nguru, Yobe, Nigeria., Olanrewaju OD; Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Federal University of Health Sciences, Azare, Nigeria., Dachi RA; Department of Haematology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi, Nigeria., Abdullahi YM; Department of Histopathology, College of Medical Sciences, Gombe State University, Gombe, Gombe, Nigeria., Alkali M; Department of Medicine, Federal University of Health Sciences, Azare, Bauchi, Nigeria., Bojude DA; Community Oncology and Epidemiology, Gombe State University, Gombe, Gombe, Nigeria., Usman HA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Federal Medical Centre Nguru, Nguru, Yobe, Nigeria., Omotoso A; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Sciences, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States., Schlumbrecht M; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Sciences, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States., George SHL; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Sciences, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States., Audu BM; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal University of Health Sciences Azare, Azare, Bauchi, Nigeria.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in oncology [Front Oncol] 2024 Jul 17; Vol. 14, pp. 1380615. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 17 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.3389/fonc.2024.1380615
Abstrakt:	Introduction: Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is plagued by myriads of diseases, mostly infectious; but cancer disease burden is rising among non-communicable diseases. Nigeria has a high burden of cancer, however its remote underserved culturally-conserved populations have been understudied, a gap this study sought to fill. Methods: This was a cross-sectional multi-institutional descriptive study of histologically diagnosed cancers over a four-year period (January 2019-December 2022) archived in the Departments of Pathology and Cancer Registries of six tertiary hospitals in the northeast of Nigeria. Data obtained included age at diagnosis, gender, tumor site and available cancer care infrastructure. Population data of the study region and its demographics was obtained from the National Population Commission and used to calculate incident rates for the population studied. Results: A total of 4,681 incident cancer cases from 2,770 females and 1,911 males were identified. The median age at diagnosis for females was 45 years (range 1-95yrs), and 56 years (range 1-99yrs) for males. Observed age-specific incidence rates (ASR) increased steadily for both genders reaching peaks in the age group 80 years and above with the highest ASR seen among males (321/100,000 persons) compared to females (215.5/100,000 persons). Breast, cervical, prostatic, colorectal and skin cancers were the five most common incident cancers. In females, breast, cervical, skin, ovarian and colorectal cancers were the top five malignancies; while prostate, haematolymphoid, skin, colorectal and urinary bladder cancers predominated in men. Conclusion: Remote SSA communities are witnessing rising cancer disease burden. Proactive control programs inclusive of advocacy, vaccination, screening, and improved diagnostics are needed. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. (Copyright © 2024 Ezenkwa, Lawan, Garbati, Suleiman, Katagum, Kabir, Adamu, Modu, Olanrewaju, Dachi, Abdullahi, Alkali, Bojude, Usman, Omotoso, Schlumbrecht, George and Audu.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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