The Clinical Predictors of Malignancy in the Prostate Gland and Their Correlation With Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Levels.

Autor:	Mishra A; Pathology, Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical College and Hospital, Jamshedpur, IND., Mahto SK; Pathology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND., Paswan MK; Pathology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND., Patra S; Pathology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND., Kashyap A; Pathology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND., Ashu T; Pathology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Cureus [Cureus] 2024 Jun 30; Vol. 16 (6), pp. e63548. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 30 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.7759/cureus.63548
Abstrakt:	Background and objective The prostate gland, which plays a crucial role in the male reproductive system, has a complex structure and function. Prostate enlargement, often benign but occasionally malignant, poses significant health concerns, particularly in aging populations. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) serves as a vital biomarker, reflecting changes in prostate architecture and aiding diagnostic stratification. Elevated PSA levels correlate with prostate pathology and standard grading systems such as Gleason grading help guide treatment decisions. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between prostate enlargement, PSA levels, and Gleason grades, particularly within the Indian context. Materials and methods This study was conducted over one and a half years at the Department of Pathology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, and involved 100 cases of clinically enlarged prostates. Clinical data, including age, symptoms, and relevant features, were collected, and histopathological analysis was performed on biopsy specimens. Statistical analysis was conducted using Microsoft Excel and SPSS Statistics version 20.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Results Our study identified possible links between several factors and prostate conditions. Non-vegetarian diets showed a potential association with increased adenocarcinoma prevalence (p = 0.179). Urinary symptoms like hesitancy, incomplete voiding, retention, frequency, and urgency were significantly more common in men with adenocarcinoma (p<0.05). Additionally, bone pain and abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE) findings strongly correlated with adenocarcinoma (p<0.001). As expected, age showed a positive correlation with prostate weight and PSA levels (p<0.01). Interestingly, bone pain was associated with a lower likelihood of other prostate symptoms (p = 0.023). Conclusions Our findings provide key insights into the clinical factors associated with prostate pathology and highlight the need for a comprehensive approach to diagnosis in these patients, integrating clinical evaluation and histopathological assessment. Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. (Copyright © 2024, Mishra et al.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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