Examining the Interplay Between Preexposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) and Gender-Related Stigmas as Barriers for PrEP Uptake Among Transgender Women in Tijuana, Mexico: A Mixed-Methods Study.

Autor: Algarin AB; Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Health South Building, 550 N 3rd St, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA. angel.algarin@asu.edu., Cirilo A; Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA., Pitpitan EV; Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.; School of Social Work, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA., Pines HA; Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.; School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA., Padilla-Garcia R; Clinica Trans, Centro de Servicios SER A.C,, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico., Zapien-Vasquez MF; DIF Estatal, Department of Development of Social-Emotional Skills, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico., Navarro-Alvarez S; Hospital General de Tijuana, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico., Smith LR; Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: AIDS and behavior [AIDS Behav] 2024 Nov; Vol. 28 (11), pp. 3655-3665. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 30.
DOI: 10.1007/s10461-024-04441-9
Abstrakt: HIV prevalence among transgender women (TW) in Tijuana, Mexico is estimated at 22%. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) reduces the risk of HIV acquisition by > 90%, though uptake in Tijuana has been low due to limited availability. The interplay between PrEP and gender stigmas may also serve as a barrier to PrEP uptake among TW in Tijuana. Experiences of gender- and PrEP- stigmas were assessed quantitatively (Quan) among 110 HIV-negative TW and qualitatively (Qual) among 17 TW through semi-structured interviews guide by the Health Stigma and Discrimination Framework. Qual findings were triangulated with Quant data to identify factors that may support gender affirmation and reduce PrEP stigma in an explanatory sequential Quan → Qual fashion. Most participants were < 40 years of age (80%), while approximately half had at least a high school education (48.2%) and were accessing gender-affirming hormone therapy (56.4%). Mean expectations of gender stigma were greatest for endorsing negative future expectations from others (M = 17.69; possible range 0-36). PrEP stigma was prominent among those who associated negative stereotypes with PrEP users, such as poor judgment (M = 45.91; possible range 14-70) and high personal risk attributes (M = 28.61; possible range 12-60). While PrEP knowledge was low among the qualitative sample, participants identified gender-, PrEP-, and intersectional- stigmas as potential barriers to PrEP uptake. Participants suggested that resilience strategies used to combat gender stigma could also mitigate PrEP stigma. Enhancing resilience skills at the intersection of gender and PrEP stigma may reduce these barriers, facilitating greater PrEP uptake as it becomes more available in Mexico.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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