Knowledge of Diabetes Mellitus and Practices Regarding Lifestyle Factors and Diabetes Management in a General Adult Population of Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia.

Autor:	Alshaikh AA; Department of Family & Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudia Arabia., Mahmood SE; Department of Family & Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudia Arabia., Riaz F; Department of Family & Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudia Arabia., Assiri AS; Consultant Family Medicine, Ministry of Health, Aseer Region, Abha, Saudia Arabia., Abdulrahman MA; Saudi Board of Family Medicine, Abha, Saudi Arabia., Asiri MYA; Saudi Board of Family Medicine, Abha, Saudi Arabia., Alnakhli GRA; Saudi Board of Pediatric Neurology, Abha, Saudi Arabia., A Alshabab MQ; Saudi Board of Family Medicine, Abha, Saudi Arabia., Alsaleh SSA; Saudi Board of Internal Medicine, Abha, Saudi Arabia., Alshahrani MY; Saudi Board of General Medicine, Abha, Saudi Arabia., H Alharthi AS; College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia., Al Qahtani AA; College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy [Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes] 2024 Jul 23; Vol. 17, pp. 2775-2787. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 23 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.2147/DMSO.S461807
Abstrakt:	Introduction: Many studies report a lack of public awareness of the risk factors and complications of Diabetes Mellitus. Adequate glycemic control is crucial in preventing or delaying the onset of type 2 diabetes complications, and medication adherence is one of the key factors in achieving this goal. This study aimed to measure the knowledge about diabetes mellitus and practices regarding lifestyle factors and diabetes management in the study population in the Aseer region, of Saudi Arabia. Material and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted in Abha, a city in the Aseer region of Saudi Arabia. The general population of 18 years of age and above, who were residing in the study area during the period of study, ie, January 2023 to June 2023, were included. The questionnaire was distributed through social media and e-mail for data collection. The descriptive variables were presented using frequency, percentage, and graphs. Pearson's chi-square test was used at a 5% level of significance. Multivariate tests were applied to further explore the findings of univariate analysis. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: Out of the total 348 participants, a higher proportion was males (56.3%). About 78.7% of the participants were ever diagnosed with diabetes mellitus and 21.3% were never diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Nearly 31.6% knew that the major cause of diabetes mellitus was obesity and 31.3% knew that it was a hereditary disease. About 42.2% of respondents exercised regularly and 27.6% were smokers. Adherence to prescribed anti-diabetic medications was seen in 63.2% of the respondents. Self-alterations in the timing and dose of prescribed anti-diabetic drugs were seen in 36.5% and 34.8%, respectively. About 60.1% had a moderate level of self-rated knowledge about Diabetes Mellitus, and 27.6% and 12.4% had good and poor self-rated knowledge levels of Diabetes mellitus, respectively. On multivariate analysis, the age group 60-69 years had significant variations as compared to the other age groups on DM, bachelor's degree holders had significant variations as compared to other education variables, being married had significant differences as compared to those unmarried, those employed had significant variations as compared to the other occupation categories, and smokers had a significant impact on DM as compared to non-smokers. Conclusion: Findings indicated less number of respondents exercised regularly, low adherence to prescribed anti-diabetic medications and low levels of self-rated knowledge of diabetes mellitus. Enhancing the patients' knowledge of diabetes mellitus and improving their self-management and adherence to its medications is necessary through public health education. Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest in this work. (© 2024 Alshaikh et al.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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