The Complex Mechanisms and the Potential Effects of Statins on Vascular Calcification: A Narrative Review.

Autor:	Kadoglou NP; Medical School, University of Cyprus, 2029 Nicosia, Cyprus., Stasinopoulou M; Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery, and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece., Velidakis N; Medical School, University of Cyprus, 2029 Nicosia, Cyprus., Khattab E; Medical School, University of Cyprus, 2029 Nicosia, Cyprus., Christodoulou E; Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics-Pharmacokinetics, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece., Gkougkoudi E; Medical School, University of Cyprus, 2029 Nicosia, Cyprus., Valsami G; Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics-Pharmacokinetics, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Reviews in cardiovascular medicine [Rev Cardiovasc Med] 2024 Jan 30; Vol. 25 (2), pp. 51. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 30 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.31083/j.rcm2502051
Abstrakt:	Vascular calcification (VC) is a complex process of calcium deposition on the arterial wall and atherosclerotic plaques and involves interaction between vascular smooth muscle cells, inflammatory and VC mediators. The latter are independent predictors of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and potential targets of pharmaceutical therapy. This paper is a narrative review of the complex mechanisms of VC development and in this context the potential anti-atherosclerotic effects of statins. At the initial stages of atherosclerosis VC correlates with atherosclerosis burden and in the long-term with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. A plethora of animal and clinical studies have proposed statins as the cornerstone of primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Based on coronary computed tomography data, high doses of statins may have negligible or even positive effects on the progression of coronary artery calcification. Growing data support an increase in atherosclerotic plaque calcification in peripheral arteries (e.g., carotids), after long-term, statin-therapy. Despite the paradox of increasing VC, those effects of statins have been associated with higher plaque stability, reducing the risk of consequent adverse events. Statins seem to promote a "favorable" atherosclerotic calcification, suppressing atherosclerotic lesion expansion and their vulnerability. More studies are required to clarify the underlying mechanisms. Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest. Nikolaos P. E. Kadoglou is serving as Guest Editor of this journal. We declare that Nikolaos P. E. Kadoglou had no involvement in the peer review of this article and has no access to information regarding its peer review. Full responsibility for the editorial process for this article was delegated to Zhonghua Sun. (Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s). Published by IMR Press.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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