Wastewater-based epidemiological investigation of SARS-CoV-2 in Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil.

Autor:	Aschidamini Prandi B; Virology Laboratory, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil., Mangini AT; Virology Laboratory, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil., Santiago Neto W; Virology Laboratory, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil., Jarenkow A; State Center for Health Surveillance, Rio Grande do Sul State Health Department, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90119-900, Brazil., Violet-Lozano L; Virology Laboratory, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil., Campos AAS; Virology Laboratory, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.; State Center for Health Surveillance, Rio Grande do Sul State Health Department, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90119-900, Brazil., Colares ERDC; State Center for Health Surveillance, Rio Grande do Sul State Health Department, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90119-900, Brazil., Buzzetto PRO; Municipal Water and Sewage department, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil., Azambuja CB; Municipal Water and Sewage department, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil., Trombin LCB; State Center for Health Surveillance, Rio Grande do Sul State Health Department, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90119-900, Brazil., Raugust MS; State Center for Health Surveillance, Rio Grande do Sul State Health Department, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90119-900, Brazil., Lorenzini R; State Center for Health Surveillance, Rio Grande do Sul State Health Department, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90119-900, Brazil., Larre ADS; State Center for Health Surveillance, Rio Grande do Sul State Health Department, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90119-900, Brazil., Rigotto C; FEEVALE University, ERS 239 n° 2755, Novo Hamburgo, RS, 93352-000, Brazil., Campos FS; Virology Laboratory, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil., Franco AC; Virology Laboratory, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Science in One Health [Sci One Health] 2023 Feb 03; Vol. 1, pp. 100008. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Feb 03 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.1016/j.soh.2023.100008
Abstrakt:	Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) may be successfully used to comprehensively monitor and determine the scale and dynamics of some infections in the community. We monitored severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA in raw wastewater samples from Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil. The samples were collected and analyzed every week between May 2020 to May 2021. Meanwhile, different social restrictions were applied according to the number of hospitalized patients in the region. Weekly samples were obtained from two wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), named Navegantes and Serraria. To determine the SARS-CoV-2 RNA titers in wastewater, we performed RT-qPCR analysis targeting the N gene (N1). The highest titer of SARS-CoV-2 RNA was observed between epidemiological weeks (EWs) 33-37 (August), 42-43 (October), 45-46 (November), 49-51 (December) in 2020, and 1-3 (January), 7-13 (February to March) in 2021, with viral loads ranging from 1 × 10 6 -3 × 10 6 genomic copies/Liter. An increase in positive confirmed cases followed such high viral loads. Depending on the sampling method used, positive cases increased in 6-7 days and 15 days after the rise of viral RNA titers in wastewater, with composite sampling methods showing a lower time lag and a higher resolution on the analyses. The results showed a direct relation between strict social restrictions and the loads of detected RNA reduction in wastewater, corroborating the number of confirmed cases. Differences in viral loads between different sampling points and methods were observed, as composite samples showed more stable results during the analyzed period. Besides, viral loads obtained from samples collected at Serraria WWTP were consistently higher than the ones obtained at Navegantes WWTP, indicating differences in local dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 spread in different regions of Porto Alegre. In conclusion, wastewater sampling to monitor SARS-CoV-2 is a robust tool to evaluate the viral loads contributing to hospitalized patients' data and confirmed cases. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 detection in sewage may inform and alert the government when there are asymptomatic or non-tested patients. Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. (© 2023 The Author(s).)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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