Sex Differences in Physiological Responses to a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Soccer Season.

Autor:	McFadden BA; Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina.; Department of Family, Nutrition, and Exercise Science, Queens College, CUNY, Flushing, New York.; Center for Health and Human Performance, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey., Walker AJ; Center for Health and Human Performance, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey.; Department of Exercise Science, Lebanon Valley College, Annville, Pennsylvania., Cintineo HP; Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina.; Department of Kinesiology, Lindenwood University, Saint Charles, Missouri., Bozzini BN; Center for Health and Human Performance, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey.; Kansas City Royals Baseball Organization, Kansas City, Missouri; and., Sanders DJ; Center for Health and Human Performance, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey.; Applied Health Science, Loyola University, Chicago, Illinois., Chandler AJ; Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina., Arent SM; Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina.; Center for Health and Human Performance, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Journal of strength and conditioning research [J Strength Cond Res] 2024 Nov 01; Vol. 38 (11), pp. 1891-1899. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 23.
DOI:	10.1519/JSC.0000000000004882
Abstrakt:	Abstract: McFadden, BA, Walker, AJ, Cintineo, HP, Bozzini, BN, Sanders, DJ, Chandler, AJ, and Arent, SM. Sex differences in physiological responses to a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I soccer season. J Strength Cond Res 38(11): 1891-1899, 2024-Identifying physiological changes that occur in response to workload demands can help to elucidate athlete management and recovery strategies. The purpose of this study was to compare the physical and physiological demands between men and women throughout the course of a collegiate soccer season. Men ( N = 23) and women ( N = 26) soccer players participated in blood draws before preseason (T1) and every 4 weeks thereafter (T2-T4). Workload was determined at all practices and games via heart rate and global positioning satellite monitoring systems. Repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance and linear mixed models were used to assess workload and biomarker responses throughout the season ( p < 0.05). Both teams experienced the highest workloads during the first 4 weeks of the season ( p < 0.05), which was followed by several biomarker perturbations. Sex-by-Time interactions were observed for total cortisol, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-1, thyroxine, thyroid-stimulating hormone, vitamin D, and omega 3 fatty acid index ( p < 0.05). Additional Sex effects were observed for free and total testosterone, estrogen, prolactin, sex-hormone binding globulin, creatine kinase, and iron levels ( p < 0.05). Women soccer players experienced further Time effects for free cortisol, iron, ferritin, and percent transferrin saturation ( p < 0.05). Male soccer players experienced additional Time effects for total testosterone, estrogen, creatine kinase, interleukin-6, triiodothyronine, and ferritin ( p < 0.05). Despite similar patterns of change in workloads, differential fluctuations in physiological markers were observed between the sexes. Understanding sex differences in response to comparable workloads may enhance exercise prescriptions for better athlete management plans. Additional strategies to increase iron may be warranted in female athletes. (Copyright © 2024 National Strength and Conditioning Association.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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