Effects of Chatbot Components to Facilitate Mental Health Services Use in Individuals With Eating Disorders Following Online Screening: An Optimization Randomized Controlled Trial.

Autor: Fitzsimmons-Craft EE; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA., Rackoff GN; Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA., Shah J; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA., Strayhorn JC; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA., D'Adamo L; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences and Center for Weight, Eating, and Lifestyle Science, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA., DePietro B; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA., Howe CP; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA., Firebaugh ML; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA., Newman MG; Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA., Collins LM; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA., Taylor CB; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.; Center for m2Health, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, USA., Wilfley DE; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The International journal of eating disorders [Int J Eat Disord] 2024 Jul 28. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 28.
DOI: 10.1002/eat.24260
Abstrakt: Objective: Few individuals with eating disorders (EDs) receive treatment. Innovations are needed to identify individuals with EDs and address care barriers. We developed a chatbot for promoting services uptake that could be paired with online screening. However, it is not yet known which components drive effects. This study estimated individual and combined contributions of four chatbot components on mental health services use (primary), chatbot helpfulness, and attitudes toward changing eating/shape/weight concerns ("change attitudes," with higher scores indicating greater importance/readiness).
Methods: Two hundred five individuals screening with an ED but not in treatment were randomized in an optimization randomized controlled trial to receive up to four chatbot components: psychoeducation, motivational interviewing, personalized service recommendations, and repeated administration (follow-up check-ins/reminders). Assessments were at baseline and 2, 6, and 14 weeks.
Results: Participants who received repeated administration were more likely to report mental health services use, with no significant effects of other components on services use. Repeated administration slowed the decline in change attitudes participants experienced over time. Participants who received motivational interviewing found the chatbot more helpful, but this component was also associated with larger declines in change attitudes. Participants who received personalized recommendations found the chatbot more helpful, and receiving this component on its own was associated with the most favorable change attitude time trend. Psychoeducation showed no effects.
Discussion: Results indicated important effects of components on outcomes; findings will be used to finalize decision making about the optimized intervention package. The chatbot shows high potential for addressing the treatment gap for EDs.
(© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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