Hematoimmunological responses of juvenile Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) receiving the dietary supplementation of immunomodulators and different levels of vitamins after challenge with physical stress.

Autor:	Costa DS; Fisheries engineer, AQUOS-Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil., Dutra SAP; Aquaculture engineer, LCM-Marine Shrimp Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil., Pereira IL; Fisheries engineer, AQUOS-Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil., Cardoso L; Aquaculture engineer, AQUOS-Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil., de Medeiros PB; Aquaculture engineer, AQUOS-Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil., Riofrio LVP; Aquaculture engineer, AQUOS-Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil., Libanori MCM; Veterinarian, AQUOS-Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil., Soligo TA; Aquaculture engineer, DSM-Nutritional Products Costa Rica, Heredia, Costa Rica., Yamashita E; Zootechnist, DSM-Nutritional Products, Brazil S.A, São Paulo, Brazil., Pereira UP; Veterinarian, LABBEP- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Bacteriology in Fish, UEL, Londrina, PR, Brazil., Mourinõ JLP; Zootechnist, AQUOS-Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil., Martins ML; Biologist, AQUOS-Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Brazilian journal of veterinary medicine [Braz J Vet Med] 2024 Jul 17; Vol. 46, pp. e001124. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 17 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm001124
Abstrakt:	In this study, we analyzed the hematoimmunological effects of dietary supplementation with immunomodulators (β-glucans + nucleotides) and different levels of vitamins on Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) after exposure to physical stress. The following four diet treatments were used: diets with indicated vitamin levels (Vitind), diets with Vitind + immunomodulator (Vitind + Immune), diets with high vitamin content (Vithigh), and those with Vithigh + immunomodulator (Vithigh + Immune). The experiment included 560 fish in 28 tanks (20 fish tank -1 ), with seven replicates per treatment. After 60 days of supplementation, the water temperature was set at 20 °C, and complete biometrics were performed. The animals were then subjected to physical stress with temperature oscillations of 20 ºC to 30 ºC/30 ºC to 20 ºC/20 ºC to 30 ºC. Hematoimmunological data from 140 animals were collected post-stress. Antimicrobial titer and total plasma protein levels were significantly higher in fish not receiving immunomodulator-supplemented diets (2.88 ± 0.43 log2 and 26.81 ± 4.01 mg∙mL -1 , respectively) than in those that did. Conversely, the agglutination titer increased in fish fed with lower vitamin levels (3.33 ± 0.66 log2) compared to those with higher vitamin levels. Increased immunoglobulin levels were observed in fish fed diets co-supplemented with vitamins and immunomodulators, revealing an interaction between immunomodulators and dietary vitamin levels. In summary, the inclusion of immunomodulators in the diet enhanced the animals' resistance to physical stress and improved hematoimmunological parameters. Additionally, a high vitamin content in the diet did not modulate the immune responses in the animals. Competing Interests: Conflict of interests: DSC, ILP, SAPD, LC, PBM, LVPR, MCML, TAS, EY, UPP, JLPM and MLM – No conflict of interest
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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