Intergenerational consequences of violence: violence during pregnancy as a risk factor for infection in infancy.
| Autor: | Blumrich L; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Sousa BLA; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Barbieri MA; Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil., Simões VMF; Department of Public Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil., da Silva AAM; Department of Public Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil., Bettiol H; Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil., Ferraro AA; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in global women's health [Front Glob Womens Health] 2024 Jul 12; Vol. 5, pp. 1397194. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 12 (Print Publication: 2024). |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fgwh.2024.1397194 |
| Abstrakt: | Introduction: Psychosocial stress during pregnancy has long-lasting and important consequences in the following generations, as it can affect intrauterine development. The impact on the developing immune system is notoriously important due to the associated morbidity and mortality in the first years of life. Little attention has been given to the role of violence during pregnancy (VDP), especially its impact on infant infectious morbidity. Methods: We analyzed data from two Brazilian birth cohorts ( n = 2,847) in two distinct cities (Ribeirão Preto and São Luís), collected during pregnancy and at the beginning of the second year of life. The association between VDP and infection in infancy was analyzed with structural equation modeling, using the WHO-VAW questionnaire as exposure and a latent variable for infection as the outcome. Results: VDP was reported by 2.48% (sexual), 11.56% (physical), and 45.90% (psychological) of the mothers. The models presented an adequate fit. In the city of São Luís, VDP was significantly associated with the latent construct for infection (standardized beta = 0.182; p = 0.022), while that was not the case for the Ribeirão Preto sample (standardized beta = 0.113; p = 0.113). Further analyses showed a gradient effect for the different dimensions of the exposure, from psychological to physical and sexual violence. Conclusion: Our results suggest an association of VDP with infant morbidity in a poorer socioeconomic setting, and highlight the importance of considering the different dimensions of intimate partner violence. These findings may have important implications for the comprehension of global health inequalities and of the effects of gender-based violence. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (© 2024 Blumrich, Sousa, Barbieri, Simões, da Silva, Bettiol and Ferraro.) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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