Unveiling the epigenetic impact of vegan vs. omnivorous diets on aging: insights from the Twins Nutrition Study (TwiNS).

Autor: Dwaraka VB; TruDiagnostic, Inc, 881 Corporate Dr, Lexington, KY, 40503, USA. varun@trudiagnostic.com., Aronica L; Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 3180 Porter Dr, Palo Alto, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA., Carreras-Gallo N; TruDiagnostic, Inc, 881 Corporate Dr, Lexington, KY, 40503, USA., Robinson JL; Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 3180 Porter Dr, Palo Alto, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA., Hennings T; Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA., Carter MM; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA., Corley MJ; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA., Lin A; TruDiagnostic, Inc, 881 Corporate Dr, Lexington, KY, 40503, USA., Turner L; TruDiagnostic, Inc, 881 Corporate Dr, Lexington, KY, 40503, USA., Smith R; TruDiagnostic, Inc, 881 Corporate Dr, Lexington, KY, 40503, USA., Mendez TL; TruDiagnostic, Inc, 881 Corporate Dr, Lexington, KY, 40503, USA., Went H; TruDiagnostic, Inc, 881 Corporate Dr, Lexington, KY, 40503, USA., Ebel ER; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA., Sonnenburg ED; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA., Sonnenburg JL; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.; Center for Human Microbiome Studies, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA., Gardner CD; Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 3180 Porter Dr, Palo Alto, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. cgardner@stanford.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMC medicine [BMC Med] 2024 Jul 29; Vol. 22 (1), pp. 301. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 29.
DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03513-w
Abstrakt: Background: Geroscience focuses on interventions to mitigate molecular changes associated with aging. Lifestyle modifications, medications, and social factors influence the aging process, yet the complex molecular mechanisms require an in-depth exploration of the epigenetic landscape. The specific epigenetic clock and predictor effects of a vegan diet, compared to an omnivorous diet, remain underexplored despite potential impacts on aging-related outcomes.
Methods: This study examined the impact of an entirely plant-based or healthy omnivorous diet over 8 weeks on blood DNA methylation in paired twins. Various measures of epigenetic age acceleration (PC GrimAge, PC PhenoAge, DunedinPACE) were assessed, along with system-specific effects (Inflammation, Heart, Hormone, Liver, and Metabolic). Methylation surrogates of clinical, metabolite, and protein markers were analyzed to observe diet-specific shifts.
Results: Distinct responses were observed, with the vegan cohort exhibiting significant decreases in overall epigenetic age acceleration, aligning with anti-aging effects of plant-based diets. Diet-specific shifts were noted in the analysis of methylation surrogates, demonstrating the influence of diet on complex trait prediction through DNA methylation markers. An epigenome-wide analysis revealed differentially methylated loci specific to each diet, providing insights into the affected pathways.
Conclusions: This study suggests that a short-term vegan diet is associated with epigenetic age benefits and reduced calorie intake. The use of epigenetic biomarker proxies (EBPs) highlights their potential for assessing dietary impacts and facilitating personalized nutrition strategies for healthy aging. Future research should explore the long-term effects of vegan diets on epigenetic health and overall well-being, considering the importance of proper nutrient supplementation.
Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT05297825.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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