| Autor: |
Lampsas S; Second Department of Ophthalmology, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece., Kandarakis SA; First Department of Ophthalmology, 'G. Gennimatas' Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece., Vakalopoulos DG; First Department of Ophthalmology, 'G. Gennimatas' Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece., Lampsa A; Second Department of Ophthalmology, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece., Oikonomou E; Third Department of Cardiology, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital Sotiria, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece., Siasos G; Cardiovascular Division, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA., Kymionis GD; First Department of Ophthalmology, 'G. Gennimatas' Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece. |
| Abstrakt: |
Background and Objectives : Several studies suggest the complex relationship between Endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels with various types of glaucoma. This systematic review and meta-analysis explore ET-1 levels in plasma and aqueous humor among different types of glaucoma. Materials and Methods : A literature search (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library) was made up to April 2024 (PROSPERO: CRD42023430471). The results were synthesized according to PRISMA Guidelines. Results were presented as standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results : A total of 2597 subjects (1513 patients with glaucoma vs. 1084 healthy controls) from 23 studies were included in a meta-analysis. Notably, patients with glaucoma reported significantly higher plasma levels of ET-1 compared to controls (SMD: 1.21, 95% CI: 0.59-1.82, p < 0.001). Particularly, plasma ET-1 levels were higher in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) (SMD: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.09-1.65, p < 0.05), normal-tension glaucoma (SMD: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.27-1.46, p = 0.05), and angle-closure glaucoma patients (SMD: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.43-1.63, p < 0.001) compared to healthy controls. Moreover, ET-1 aqueous humor levels were significantly higher in patients with glaucoma compared to controls (SMD: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.04-2.15, p < 0.001). In particular, aqueous humor levels were higher in POAG patients (SMD: 2.03 95% CI: 1.00-3.14, p < 0.001), and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma patients (SMD: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.00-3.07, p < 0.001) compared to controls. Conclusions : This meta-analysis indicates that elevated levels of ET-1 plasma and aqueous humor are significantly associated with different types of glaucoma. The pathogenesis of ET-1-related mechanisms may vary across different glaucoma types, indicating that possible therapeutic approaches targeting ET-1 pathways should be tailored to each specific glaucoma type. |
