Hepatitis E Virus in the United States and Canada: Is It Time to Consider Blood Donation Screening?

Autor: Bienz M; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Electronic address: marc.bienz.med@ssss.gouv.qc.ca., Renaud C; Department of Microbiology, Infectious diseases, and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Medical Affairs and Innovation, Héma-Québec, Montreal, Quebec, Canada., Liu JR; Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada., Wong P; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada., Pelletier P; Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Transfusion medicine reviews [Transfus Med Rev] 2024 Jul; Vol. 38 (3), pp. 150835.
DOI: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2024.150835
Abstrakt: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis in the world and can lead to severe complications in immunocompromised individuals. HEV is primarily transmitted through eating pork, which has led to an increased in anti-HEV IgG seropositivity in the general population of Europe in particular. However, it can also be transmitted intravenously, such as through transfusions. The growing evidence of HEV contamination of blood products and documented cases of transmission have given rise to practice changes and blood product screening of HEV in many European countries. This review covers the abundant European literature and focuses on the most recent data pertaining to the prevalence of HEV RNA positivity and IgG seropositivity in the North American general population and in blood products from Canada and the United States. Currently, Health Canada and the Food and Drug Administration do not require testing of HEV in blood products. For this reason, awareness among blood product prescribers about the possibility of HEV transmission through blood products is crucial. However, we also demonstrate that the province of Quebec has a prevalence of anti-HEV and HEV RNA positivity similar to some European countries. In light of this, we believe that HEV RNA blood donation screening be reevaluated with the availability of more cost-effective assays.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors have no conflicts of interests to disclose.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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