Interaction between visual impairment and genetic risk of dementia and psychosis in older adults.

Autor:	Hamedani AG; Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; Department of Ophthalmology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Ellis CA; Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Ehrlich JR; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.; Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA., Willis AW; Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Age and ageing [Age Ageing] 2024 Jul 02; Vol. 53 (7).
DOI:	10.1093/ageing/afae163
Abstrakt:	Background: Visual impairment (VI) is associated with dementia and other neuropsychiatric outcomes, but previous studies have not considered genetic sources of confounding or effect modification. Methods: We analysed data from the Health and Retirement Study, an ongoing nationally representative survey of older US adults, a subset of whom underwent genetic testing from 2006 to 2012 (n = 13 465). Using discrete time proportional hazards models and generalised estimating equations, we measured the association between VI and dementia, depression and hallucinations adjusting for demographics and comorbidities, ancestry-specific principal components and polygenic risk scores (PRS) for Alzheimer's disease, major depressive disorder or schizophrenia. Effect modification was assessed using VI-PRS interaction terms and stratified analyses. Results: VI was associated with dementia, depression and hallucinations after adjusting polygenic risk and other confounders. There was no VI-PRS interaction for dementia or depression. However, the association between VI and hallucinations varied by genetic risk of schizophrenia. Within the bottom four quintiles of schizophrenia PRS, VI was not associated with hallucinations among White (OR 1.16, 95% CI: 0.87-1.55) or Black participants (OR 0.96, 95% CI: 0.49-1.89). In contrast, VI was strongly associated with hallucinations among White (OR 2.08, 95% CI: 1.17-3.71) and Black (OR 10.63, 95% CI: 1.74-65.03) participants in the top quintile of schizophrenia PRS. Conclusions: The association between VI and neuropsychiatric outcomes is not explained by shared genetic risk factors, and there is a significant interaction between VI and polygenic risk of hallucinations in older adults. (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Geriatrics Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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