| Autor: |
Marcello E; Faculty of Science and Technology, College of Liberal Arts, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, U.K., Nigmatullin R; Faculty of Science and Technology, College of Liberal Arts, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, U.K., Basnett P; Faculty of Science and Technology, College of Liberal Arts, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, U.K., Maqbool M; Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen 91058, Germany.; Lucideon Ltd., Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7LQ, Staffordshire U.K.; CAM Bioceramics B.V., Zernikedreef 6, 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands., Prieto MA; Polymer Biotechnology Lab, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas-Margarita Salas, Spanish National Research Council (CIB-CSIC), Madrid 28040, Spain., Knowles JC; Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, University College London Eastman Dental Institute, London NW3 2PF, U.K.; Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 Plus NBM, Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea., Boccaccini AR; Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen 91058, Germany., Roy I; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, U.K.; Insigneo Institute for In Silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, U.K. |
| Abstrakt: |
In this work, we investigated, for the first time, the possibility of developing scaffolds for bone tissue engineering through three-dimensional (3D) melt-extrusion printing of medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoate (mcl-PHA) (i.e., poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate- co -hydroxydecanoate- co -hydroxydodecanoate), P(3HO- co -3HD- co -3HDD)). The process parameters were successfully optimized to produce well-defined and reproducible 3D P(3HO- co -3HD- co -3HDD) scaffolds, showing high cell viability (100%) toward both undifferentiated and differentiated MC3T3-E1 cells. To introduce antibacterial features in the developed scaffolds, two strategies were investigated. For the first strategy, P(3HO- co -3HD- co -3HDD) was combined with PHAs containing thioester groups in their side chains (i.e., PHACOS), inherently antibacterial PHAs. The 3D blend scaffolds were able to induce a 70% reduction of Staphylococcus aureus 6538P cells by direct contact testing, confirming their antibacterial properties. Additionally, the scaffolds were able to support the growth of MC3T3-E1 cells, showing the potential for bone regeneration. For the second strategy, composite materials were produced by the combination of P(3HO- co -3HD- co -HDD) with a novel antibacterial hydroxyapatite doped with selenium and strontium ions (Se-Sr-HA). The composite material with 10 wt % Se-Sr-HA as a filler showed high antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive ( S. aureus 6538P) and Gram-negative bacteria ( Escherichia coli 8739), through a dual mechanism: by direct contact (inducing 80% reduction of both bacterial strains) and through the release of active ions (leading to a 54% bacterial cell count reduction for S. aureus 6538P and 30% for E. coli 8739 after 24 h). Moreover, the composite scaffolds showed high viability of MC3T3-E1 cells through both indirect and direct testing, showing promising results for their application in bone tissue engineering. |
