| Autor: |
Paduch R; Department of Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.; Department of General and Paediatric Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, Chmielna 1, 20-079 Lublin, Poland., Klatka M; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University, Gębali 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland., Pieniądz P; Department of Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland., Wertel I; Independent Laboratory of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland., Pawłowska A; Independent Laboratory of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland., Klatka J; Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland. |
| Abstrakt: |
The tumor microenvironment (TME) includes immune and stromal cells and noncellular extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most important immune cells in TME and are crucial for carcinomas' progression. The purpose was to analyze direct and indirect interactions in co-culture of tumor cells with monocytes/macrophages and, additionally, to indicate which interactions are more important for cancer development. Cytokines, reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide level, tumor cell cycle and changes in tumor cell morphology after human tumor cells (Hep-2 and RK33 cell lines) with human monocyte/macrophage (THP-1 cell line) interactions were tested. Morphology and cytoskeleton organization of tumor cells did not change after co-culture with macrophages. In co-culture of tumor cells with human monocyte, changes in the percentage of tumor cells in cell cycle phases was observed. No significant changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) were found in the co-culture as compared to the tumor cell mono-culture. Monocytes produced about three times higher ROS than tumor cells. In co-cultures, a lower nitric oxide (NO x ) level was found as compared to the sum of the production by both mono-cultures. Co-culture conditions limited the production of cytokines (IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13) as compared to the sum of their level in mono-cultures. In conclusion, macrophages influence tumor cell growth and functions. Mutual (direct and paracrine) interactions between tumor cells and macrophages changed cytokine production and tumor cell cycle profile. The data obtained may allow us to initially indicate which kind of interactions may have a greater impact on cancer development processes. |
