Optical mapping of ground reaction force dynamics in freely behaving Drosophila melanogaster larvae.

Autor:	Booth JH; SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom.; Humboldt Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.; School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom.; Centre of Biophotonics, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom., Meek AT; SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom.; Humboldt Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.; Centre of Biophotonics, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom., Kronenberg NM; SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom.; Humboldt Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.; Centre of Biophotonics, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom., Pulver SR; School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom.; Centre of Biophotonics, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom., Gather MC; SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom.; Humboldt Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.; Centre of Biophotonics, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	ELife [Elife] 2024 Jul 23; Vol. 12. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 23.
DOI:	10.7554/eLife.87746
Abstrakt:	During locomotion, soft-bodied terrestrial animals solve complex control problems at substrate interfaces, but our understanding of how they achieve this without rigid components remains incomplete. Here, we develop new all-optical methods based on optical interference in a deformable substrate to measure ground reaction forces (GRFs) with micrometre and nanonewton precision in behaving Drosophila larvae. Combining this with a kinematic analysis of substrate-interfacing features, we shed new light onto the biomechanical control of larval locomotion. Crawling in larvae measuring ~1 mm in length involves an intricate pattern of cuticle sequestration and planting, producing GRFs of 1-7 µN. We show that larvae insert and expand denticulated, feet-like structures into substrates as they move, a process not previously observed in soft-bodied animals. These 'protopodia' form dynamic anchors to compensate counteracting forces. Our work provides a framework for future biomechanics research in soft-bodied animals and promises to inspire improved soft-robot design. Competing Interests: JB, AM, NK, SP, MG No competing interests declared (© 2023, Booth et al.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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