Understanding the conservation-genetics gap in Latin America: challenges and opportunities to integrate genetics into conservation practices.

Autor:	Napolitano C; Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Biodiversidad, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile.; Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Concepción, Chile.; Cape Horn International Center, Puerto Williams, Chile., Clavijo C; Vida Silvestre Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay., Rojas-Bonzi V; Instituto de Investigación Biológica del Paraguay, Asuncion, Paraguay.; Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States., Miño CI; Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva - LGE, Instituto de Biología Subtropical - IBS, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Misiones (UNaM), Posadas, Argentina., González-Maya JF; Área de Biología de la Conservación, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Lerma, Bogotá, Colombia., Bou N; Departamento de Biodiversidad y Genética, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay., Giraldo A; Grupo de Investigación en Ecología Animal, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia., Martino A; Centro de Investigaciones en Ecología y Zonas Aridas, Universidad Nacional Experimental Francisco de Miranda, Coro, Venezuela., Miyaki CY; Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Aguirre LF; Centro de Biodiversidad y Genética, Universidad Mayor de San Simón, Cochabamba, Bolivia., Cosacov A; Laboratorio de Ecología Evolutiva y Biología Floral, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina., Milián-García Y; Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada., Prosdocimi L; Laboratorio de Ecología, Comportamiento y Mamíferos Marinos (LECyMM), Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina., Ramírez-Bravo OE; Centro de Agroecología, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Eco campus Valsequillo, San Pedro Zacachimalpa, Mexico., Tovar LA; Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima, Peru., Velez-Zuazo X; Smithsonian National Zoological Park and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC, United States., Barrios M; Centro de Datos para la Conservación, Centro de Estudios Conservacionistas, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala., Herrera-Fernández B; Instituto Internacional de Conservación y Manejo de Vida Silvestre (ICOMVIS), Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica., Montiel-Villalobos MG; Red Latinoamericana de Genética para la Conservación (ReGeneC), Baja California Sur, La Paz, Mexico., Oliveira-Miranda MA; Red Latinoamericana de Genética para la Conservación (ReGeneC), Caracas, Venezuela., Pool M; Green Heritage Fund Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname., Santos-Murgas A; Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales Exactas y Tecnología, Universidad de Panamá, Ciudad de Panamá. Estación Científica Coiba AIP, Ciudad del Saber, Panama., Segovia-Salcedo MC; Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas -ESPE, Sangolquí, Ecuador., Cecchi F; Grupo Antropología de la Conservación, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile., Dans AJ; Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales y Producción Sostenible, Universidad de las Regiones Autónomas de la Costa Caribe Nicaragüense, Bluefields, Nicaragua., Dilchand N; Aquatic and Terrestrial Pioneers Consulting Services, Georgetown, Guyana., Lima SMQ; Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil., Novas MC; División de Conservación, Departamento de Botánica, Jardín Botánico Nacional Dr. Rafael María Moscoso, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic., Pelz-Serrano K; Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Lerma, Lerma, Mexico., Pougy N; Departamento de Desenvolvimento Científico, Museu do Amanhã, Instituto de Desenvolvimento e Gestão - IDG, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil., Rodríguez I; Escuela de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras., van der Meer L; Oceana Chile, Santiago, Chile., Zapata-Ríos G; Wildlife Conservation Society - Ecuador Program, Quito, Ecuador.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in genetics [Front Genet] 2024 Jul 08; Vol. 15, pp. 1425531. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 08 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.3389/fgene.2024.1425531
Abstrakt:	Introduction: Integrating genetic data into conservation management decisions is a challenging task that requires strong partnerships between researchers and managers. Conservation in Latin America is of crucial relevance worldwide given the high biodiversity levels and the presence of hotspots in this region. Methods: We conducted a survey across Latin America to identify gaps and opportunities between genetic researchers and conservation managers. We aimed to better understand conservation managers' points of view and how genetic research could help conservation practitioners to achieve their goals, by implementing genetic assessments that could effectively inform conservation practices. We distributed an online survey via four regional collaborating organizations and 32 focal points based in 20 Latin American countries. The target respondents were conservation managers of species or areas in Latin America. Results: We collected a total of 468 answered questionnaires from 21 Latin American countries. Most respondents (44%) were from an academic or research institution while non-academics were mainly from non-governmental institutions (30%) and government agencies (25%). Most respondents (65%) have performed or used genetic assessments in their managed area or species, either alone, in partnership, contracting someone else or using published results. For the majority of this group, the genetic results were relevant to their conservation management goals, helping to inform management decisions. Respondents that had not performed genetic assessments (35%) were mainly from the non-academic group, and their main barriers were limited access to funds, genetic lab facilities, and trained personnel to design studies and conduct lab work. Discussion: From the findings, we describe the current situation and provide a general diagnosis of the conservation-genetics gap in Latin America. We describe the gender gap, academic-practitioner co-development of conservation questions and projects, and the nationality and residency of Latin American conservation managers in relation to the countries where they work. We discuss opportunities to co-create research questions and co-develop studies based on conservation practitioners' needs. We offer recommendations for overcoming barriers to integrate genetic information into conservation actions, and advance agendas that fit the needs and realities of the highly heterogeneous, biodiverse and challenging Latin American region. Competing Interests: Author ND was employed by Aquatic and Terrestrial Pioneers Consulting Services. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2024 Napolitano, Clavijo, Rojas-Bonzi, Miño, González-Maya, Bou, Giraldo, Martino, Miyaki, Aguirre, Cosacov, Milián-García, Prosdocimi, Ramírez-Bravo, Tovar, Velez-Zuazo, Barrios, Herrera-Fernández, Montiel-Villalobos, Oliveira-Miranda, Pool, Santos-Murgas, Segovia-Salcedo, Cecchi, Dans, Dilchand, Lima, Novas, Pelz-Serrano, Pougy, Rodríguez, van der Meer and Zapata-Ríos.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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