Income and Sex Moderate the Association Between Population Density and Reproduction: A Multilevel Analysis of Life History Strategies Across 23 Nations.

Autor: Yong JC; Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Northumberland Building, Northumberland Road, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK. jose.yong@northumbria.ac.uk., Lim CH; Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA., Jonason PK; Psychology Research Institute, University of Economics and Human Sciences, Warsaw, Poland., Thomas AG; School of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Archives of sexual behavior [Arch Sex Behav] 2024 Jul 22. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 22.
DOI: 10.1007/s10508-024-02955-w
Abstrakt: While previous studies guided by evolutionary life history theory have revealed several important socioecological moderators of the influence of population density (PD) on reproduction, absent is an understanding of how individual-level factors such as personal resources and sex differences might interact and play a role. Using data from a large sample of clients (N = 4,432,440) of an online dating company spanning 317 states nested within 23 countries, we contributed a robust multilevel analysis of life history effects by assessing the interaction between state-level PD and individual-level income on offspring quantity, and we further qualified this analysis by sex. Consistent with previous research, PD was negatively correlated with having children. Consistent with our novel hypotheses, this negative relationship was moderated by income such that the link between PD and low fertility became weaker with increasing levels of income and these patterns were stronger for men than for women. These results held despite controlling for a variety of country-level, state-level, and individual-level confounds. Findings are discussed together with theoretical and practical implications for the management of fertility based on evolutionary life history perspectives.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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