Proton Conducting Neuromorphic Materials and Devices.

Autor:	Yuan Y; Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States., Patel RK; Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States., Banik S; Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States.; Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States., Reta TB; Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States., Bisht RS; Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States., Fong DD; Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States., Sankaranarayanan SKRS; Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States.; Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States., Ramanathan S; Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Chemical reviews [Chem Rev] 2024 Aug 28; Vol. 124 (16), pp. 9733-9784. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 22.
DOI:	10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00071
Abstrakt:	Neuromorphic computing and artificial intelligence hardware generally aims to emulate features found in biological neural circuit components and to enable the development of energy-efficient machines. In the biological brain, ionic currents and temporal concentration gradients control information flow and storage. It is therefore of interest to examine materials and devices for neuromorphic computing wherein ionic and electronic currents can propagate. Protons being mobile under an external electric field offers a compelling avenue for facilitating biological functionalities in artificial synapses and neurons. In this review, we first highlight the interesting biological analog of protons as neurotransmitters in various animals. We then discuss the experimental approaches and mechanisms of proton doping in various classes of inorganic and organic proton-conducting materials for the advancement of neuromorphic architectures. Since hydrogen is among the lightest of elements, characterization in a solid matrix requires advanced techniques. We review powerful synchrotron-based spectroscopic techniques for characterizing hydrogen doping in various materials as well as complementary scattering techniques to detect hydrogen. First-principles calculations are then discussed as they help provide an understanding of proton migration and electronic structure modification. Outstanding scientific challenges to further our understanding of proton doping and its use in emerging neuromorphic electronics are pointed out.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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