Computational modelling of cardiovascular pathophysiology to risk stratify commercial spaceflight.

Autor: Morris PD; Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. paul.morris@sheffield.ac.uk.; Department of Cardiology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK. paul.morris@sheffield.ac.uk., Anderton RA; Medical Department, Spaceflight, UK Civil Aviation Authority, Gatwick, UK., Marshall-Goebel K; The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA., Britton JK; Aerospace Medicine Specialist Wing, Royal Air Force (RAF) Centre of Aerospace Medicine, Henlow, UK., Lee SMC; KBR, Human Health Countermeasures Element, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA., Smith NP; Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.; Auckland Bioengineering Institute, Auckland, New Zealand., van de Vosse FN; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands., Ong KM; Virgin Galactic Medical, Truth or Consequences, NM, USA., Newman TA; Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.; Department of Cardiology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK., Taylor DJ; Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK., Chico T; Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.; Department of Cardiology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK., Gunn JP; Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.; Department of Cardiology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK., Narracott AJ; Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.; Insigneo Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK., Hose DR; Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.; Insigneo Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK., Halliday I; Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.; Insigneo Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature reviews. Cardiology [Nat Rev Cardiol] 2024 Oct; Vol. 21 (10), pp. 667-681. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 19.
DOI: 10.1038/s41569-024-01047-5
Abstrakt: For more than 60 years, humans have travelled into space. Until now, the majority of astronauts have been professional, government agency astronauts selected, in part, for their superlative physical fitness and the absence of disease. Commercial spaceflight is now becoming accessible to members of the public, many of whom would previously have been excluded owing to unsatisfactory fitness or the presence of cardiorespiratory diseases. While data exist on the effects of gravitational and acceleration (G) forces on human physiology, data on the effects of the aerospace environment in unselected members of the public, and particularly in those with clinically significant pathology, are limited. Although short in duration, these high acceleration forces can potentially either impair the experience or, more seriously, pose a risk to health in some individuals. Rather than expose individuals with existing pathology to G forces to collect data, computational modelling might be useful to predict the nature and severity of cardiovascular diseases that are of sufficient risk to restrict access, require modification, or suggest further investigation or training before flight. In this Review, we explore state-of-the-art, zero-dimensional, compartmentalized models of human cardiovascular pathophysiology that can be used to simulate the effects of acceleration forces, homeostatic regulation and ventilation-perfusion matching, using data generated by long-arm centrifuge facilities of the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the European Space Agency to risk stratify individuals and help to improve safety in commercial suborbital spaceflight.
(© 2024. Springer Nature Limited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: