Microwave seed priming and ascorbic acid assisted phytoextraction of heavy metals from surgical industry effluents through spinach.

Autor: Abubakar M; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan., Alghanem SMS; Department of Biology, College of Science, Qassim University, Burydah 52571, Saudi Arabia., Alhaithloul HAS; Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 2014, Saudi Arabia., Alsudays IM; Department of Biology, College of Science, Qassim University, Burydah 52571, Saudi Arabia., Farid M; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan. Electronic address: mujahid.farid@uog.edu.pk.com., Zubair M; Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan., Farid S; Earth and Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Ireland., Rizwan M; Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan., Yong JWH; Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp 23456, Sweden. Electronic address: jean.yong@slu.se., Abeed AHA; Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety [Ecotoxicol Environ Saf] 2024 Sep 01; Vol. 282, pp. 116731. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 18.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116731
Abstrakt: The prevalence of inorganic pollutants in the environment, including heavy metals (HMs), necessitates a sustainable and cost-effective solution to mitigate their impacts on the environment and living organisms. The present research aimed to assess the phytoextraction capability of spinach (Spinach oleracea L.), under the combined effects of ascorbic acid (AA) and microwave (MW) irradiation amendments, cultivated using surgical processing wastewater. In a preliminary study, spinach seeds were exposed to MW radiations at 2.45 GHz for different durations (15, 30, 45, 60, and 90 seconds). Maximum germination was observed after the 30 seconds of radiation exposure. Healthy spinach seeds treated with MW radiations for 30 s were cultivated in the sand for two weeks, after which juvenile plants were transferred to a hydroponic system. Surgical industry wastewater in different concentrations (25 %, 50 %, 75 %, 100 %) and AA (10 mM) were provided to both MW-treated and untreated plants. The results revealed that MW-treatment significantly enhanced the plant growth, biomass, antioxidant enzyme activities and photosynthetic pigments, while untreated plants exhibited increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and electrolyte leakage (EL) compared with their controls. The addition of AA to both MW-treated and untreated plants improved their antioxidative defense capacity under HMs-induced stress. MW-treated spinach plants, under AA application, demonstrated relatively higher concentrations and accumulation of HMs including lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni). Specifically, MW-treated plants with AA amendment showed a significant increase in Pb concentration by 188 % in leaves, Cd by 98 %, and Ni by 102 % in roots. Additionally, the accumulation of Ni increased by 174 % in leaves, Cd by 168 % in roots, and Pb by 185 % in the stem of spinach plant tissues compared to MW-untreated plants. These findings suggested that combining AA with MW irradiation of seeds could be a beneficial strategy for increasing the phytoextraction of HMs from wastewater and improving overall plant health undergoing HMs stress.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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