Retinopathy risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes on liraglutide.

Autor:	Mahzari MM; College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; Department of Medicine, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Alanazy AM; College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Feroz Z; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; Basic Sciences Department, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Almani KM; College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Alghamdi MA; College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Almadani AS; College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Alzahrani MK; College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Alibrahim AR; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; Department of Medicine, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Badri M; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Medicine [Medicine (Baltimore)] 2024 Jul 19; Vol. 103 (29), pp. e39026.
DOI:	10.1097/MD.0000000000039026
Abstrakt:	Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist, effectively treats type 2 diabetes(T2D) by lowering glucose levels, suppressing glucagon release, and promoting insulin secretion. Liraglutide has been shown to reduce body weight and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and improve cardiovascular outcomes. However, evidence regarding the association between liraglutide and diabetic retinopathy in the Middle East is insufficient. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the characteristics and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy in patients with T2D treated with liraglutide in Saudi Arabia. This retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients (≥14 years) with T2D treated with liraglutide between 2015 and 2021, who had a documented retinopathy assessment at baseline before liraglutide initiation and during follow-up, at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Riyadh. Data collection included demographic information, retinopathy status, body mass index (BMI), and HbA1c level at baseline and follow-up after liraglutide use. The study included 181 patients with a mean age of 58.2 (9.8) years. Of these, 72.9% were females. At baseline, the median weight (interquartile range) was 88 (77-100) kg, diabetes duration was 19 (13-23.5) years, and HbA1c level was 9% (8-10%). Total of 69.6% were on insulin, 22.7% were on oral hypoglycemic agents, and 7.7% were on no other medications in addition to liraglutide. After a median of 2 years follow-up, both HbA1c level and weight decreased significantly (P < .001). Seventy-one of the 87 patients (81.6%) without retinopathy at baseline continued to show no retinopathy. Among patients with retinopathy at baseline, 25.5% showed improvement and 44.7% showed no change. In the multivariate binary mixed effect analysis, factors significantly associated with retinopathy were: use of insulin (odds ratio [OR]:2.68; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18-6.09, P = .019), older age (OR:1.03; 95% CI: 1.00-1.06; P = .022), higher HbA1c level (OR:1.17; 95% CI: 1.02-1.34; P = .024), Hypertension (OR:2.56; 95% CI: 1.13-5.76; P=<.0001) and longer diabetes duration (OR:1.04; 95% CI: 1.00-1.08; P = .024). In conclusion, liraglutide use caused significant reductions in the HbA1c level and weight of patients with T2D. Most patients showed no change in retinopathy status after liraglutide use. Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. (Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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