Commercially traded fish portfolios mask household utilization of biodiversity in wild food systems.

Autor:	Fiorella KJ; Department of Public and Ecosystem Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850., Bageant ER; Department of Public and Ecosystem Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850., Thilsted SH; Nutrition, Health and Food Security Impact Area Platform, Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research, Washington, DC 20005., Heilpern SA; Department of Public and Ecosystem Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850.; Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA 14850.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2024 Jul 23; Vol. 121 (30), pp. e2403691121. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 17.
DOI:	10.1073/pnas.2403691121
Abstrakt:	The global biodiversity that underpins wild food systems-including fisheries-is rapidly declining. Yet, we often have only a limited understanding of how households use and benefit from biodiversity in the ecosystems surrounding them. Explicating these relationships is critical to forestall and mitigate the effects of biodiversity declines on food and nutrition security. Here, we quantify how biodiversity filters from ecosystems to household harvest, consumption, and sale, and how ecological traits and household characteristics shape these relationships. We used a unique, integrated ecological (40 sites, quarterly data collection) and household survey (n = 414, every 2 mo data collection) dataset collected over 3 y in rice field fisheries surrounding Cambodia's Tonlé Sap, one of Earth's most productive and diverse freshwater systems. While ecosystem biodiversity was positively associated with household catch, consumption, and sold biodiversity, households consumed an average of 43% of the species present in the ecosystem and sold only 9%. Larger, less nutritious, and more common species were disproportionally represented in portfolios of commercially traded species, while consumed species mirrored catches. The relationship between ecosystem and consumed biodiversity was remarkably consistent across variation in household fishing effort, demographics, and distance to nearest markets. Poorer households also consumed more species, underscoring how wild food systems may most benefit the vulnerable. Our findings amplify concerns about the impacts of biodiversity loss on our global food systems and highlight that utilization of biodiversity for consumption may far exceed what is commercially traded. Competing Interests: Competing interests statement:The authors declare no competing interest.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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