Long-term effects of climate change on juvenile bull shark migratory patterns.

Autor: Matich P; Saving the Blue, Cooper City, Florida, USA.; Marine Biology Department, Texas A&M University Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA., Plumlee JD; School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA., Bubley W; Marine Resources Division, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, Charleston, South Carolina, USA., Curtis TH; Atlantic Highly Migratory Species Management Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Gloucester, Massachusetts, USA., Drymon JM; Coastal Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Biloxi, Mississippi, USA.; Mississippi-Alabama Sea Grant Consortium, Ocean Springs, Mississippi, USA., Mullins LL; Coastal Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Biloxi, Mississippi, USA.; Northern Gulf Institute, Starkville, Mississippi, USA., Shipley ON; School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA., TinHan TC; Pacific Islands Ocean Observing System, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA., Fisher MR; Coastal Fisheries Division, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, Rockport Marine Science Laboratory, Rockport, Texas, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The Journal of animal ecology [J Anim Ecol] 2024 Oct; Vol. 93 (10), pp. 1445-1461. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 17.
DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.14140
Abstrakt: Seasonal variability in environmental conditions is a strong determinant of animal migrations, but warming temperatures associated with climate change are anticipated to alter this phenomenon with unknown consequences. We used a 40-year fishery-independent survey to assess how a changing climate has altered the migration timing, duration and first-year survival of juvenile bull sharks (Carcharhinus leucas). From 1982 to 2021, estuaries in the western Gulf of Mexico (Texas) experienced a mean increase of 1.55°C in autumn water temperatures, and delays in autumn cold fronts by ca. 0.5 days per year. Bull shark migrations in more northern estuaries concomitantly changed, with departures 25-36 days later in 2021 than in 1982. Later, migrations resulted in reduced overwintering durations by up to 81 days, and the relative abundance of post-overwintering age 0-1 sharks increased by >50% during the 40-year study period. Yet, reductions in prey availability were the most influential factor delaying migrations. Juvenile sharks remained in natal estuaries longer when prey were less abundant. Long-term declines in prey reportedly occurred due to reduced spawning success associated with climate change based on published reports. Consequently, warming waters likely enabled and indirectly caused the observed changes in shark migratory behaviour. As water temperatures continue to rise, bull sharks in the north-western Gulf of Mexico could forgo their winter migrations in the next 50-100 years based on current trends and physiological limits, thereby altering their ecological roles in estuarine ecosystems and recruitment into the adult population. It is unclear if estuarine food webs will be able to support changing residency patterns as climate change affects the spawning success of forage species. We expect these trends are not unique to the western Gulf of Mexico or bull sharks, and migratory patterns of predators in subtropical latitudes are similarly changing at a global scale.
(© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Animal Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Society.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: