The inflammatory and metabolic status of patients with sudden-onset sensorineural hearing loss.

Autor:	do Amaral JB; ENT Research Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil., Peron KA; ENT Research Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil., Soeiro TLT; ENT Research Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil., Scott MCP; ENT Research Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil., Hortense FTP; ENT Research Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil., da Silva MD; Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, Brazil., França CN; Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, Brazil., Nali LHDS; Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, Brazil., Bachi ALL; Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, Brazil., de Oliveira Penido N; ENT Research Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in neurology [Front Neurol] 2024 Jul 02; Vol. 15, pp. 1382096. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 02 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.3389/fneur.2024.1382096
Abstrakt:	Introduction: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is a common emergency symptom in otolaryngology that requires immediate diagnosis and treatment. SSNHL has a multifactorial etiology, and its pathophysiologic mechanisms may be associated with inflammatory and metabolic changes that may affect the cochlear microenvironment or its nervous component, thus triggering the process or hindering hearing recovery. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess metabolic and inflammatory changes to identify systemic parameters that could serve as prognostic factors for hearing recovery in patients with SSNHL. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients with a sudden hearing loss of at least 30 dB in three contiguous frequencies were enrolled in this study. Patients were followed up for 4 months and peripheral blood samples were collected at 7 days (V1), 30 days (V2) and 120 days (V3). Interleukins (IL)-1F7, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, interferon γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and adiponectin were quantified in serum. In addition, lipid and glycemic profiles as well as concentration of creatinine, uric acid, fructosamine, peroxide, total proteins and albumin were analyzed. Patients underwent weekly ear-specific hearing tests with standard pure tone thresholds for frequencies of 250-8,000 Hz, speech recognition threshold and word recognition score. Results: Patients with SSNHL were divided into a group of patients who did not achieve hearing recovery ( n  = 14) and another group who achieved complete and significant recovery ( n  = 16). Most serologic parameters showed no significant changes or values indicating clinical changes. However, IFN-γ levels decreased by 36.3% between V1 and V2. The cytokine TNF-α showed a statistically significant decrease from V1 to V3 (from 22.91 to 10.34 pg./mL). Adiponectin showed a decrease from 553.7 ng/mL in V1 to 454.4 ng/mL in V3. Discussion: Our results show that serologic cytokine levels change in the acute phase of manifestation of SSNHL and establish a parallel between systemic changes and improvements in hearing, especially TNF-α, which showed differences in hearing recovery. The use of IFN-γ, TNF-α and adiponectin may elucidate the clinical improvement in these patients. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. (Copyright © 2024 do Amaral, Peron, Soeiro, Scott, Hortense, da Silva, França, Nali, Bachi and de Oliveira Penido.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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